Effects of zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) interactions on root morphology and metal translocation in the hyperaccumulating ecotype (HE) and non-hyperaccumulating ecotype (NHE) of S. alfredii were investigated under hydroponic conditions. Specific root lengths (SRL), specific root surface areas (SRA) and specific root volumes (SRV) of the HE increased significantly when plant were treated with 500 m...

Abstract Natural human enamel (NHE) is a complex freeform surface which has presented significant difficulties in measuring form change using non-contacting laser profilometry (NCLP). Measuring on NHE metrology proxy for dental tooth structure loss, and characterising this non-ISO parameters (volume, area, normalised lesion depth) been seldom studied due complexity undetermined measurement erro...

Merlin, the neurofibromatosis 2 tumor suppressor protein, has two major isoforms with alternate C termini and is related to the ERM (ezrin, radixin, moesin) proteins. Regulation of the ERMs involves intramolecular and/or intermolecular head-to-tail associations between family members. We have determined whether merlin undergoes similar interactions, and our findings indicate that the C terminus...

NHE8 is expressed in the apical membrane of the proximal tubule and is predicted to be a Na+/H+ exchanger on the basis of its primary amino acid sequence. Functional characterization of native NHE8 in mammalian cells has not been possible to date. We screened a number of polarized renal cell lines for the plasma membrane Na+/H+ exchangers (NHE1, 2, 3, 4, and 8) and found only NHE1 and NHE8 tran...

Fructose-enriched diets cause salt-sensitive hypertension. Proximal tubules (PTs) reabsorb 70% of the water and salt filtered through the glomerulus. Angiotensin II (Ang II) regulates this process. Normally, dietary salt reduces Ang II allowing the kidney to excrete more salt, thereby preventing hypertension. We hypothesized that fructose-enriched diets enhance the ability of low concentrations...

BACKGROUND Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), through its guanylyl cyclase-A (GC-A) receptor, not only is critically involved in the endocrine regulation of arterial blood pressure but also locally moderates cardiomyocyte growth. The mechanisms underlying the antihypertrophic effects of ANP remain largely uncharacterized. We examined the contribution of the Na+/H+ exchanger NHE-1 to cardiac remo...

AIMS Inhibition of the Na+/H+-exchanger (NHE) preserves myocardial morphology and function in rat and mouse models of hypertrophy and failure. The mechanism(s) involved in such cardioprotective effects remain(s) unclear, but might involve blockade of increased protein kinase activity as observed in untreated hearts. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated the functional, morphological and biochem...

Putative chemoreceptors in the solitary complex (SC) are sensitive to hypercapnia and oxidative stress. We tested the hypothesis that oxidative stress stimulates SC neurons by a mechanism independent of intracellular pH (pH(i)). pH(i) was measured by using ratiometric fluorescence imaging microscopy, utilizing either the pH-sensitive fluorescent dye BCECF or, during whole cell recordings, pyran...

Apoptosis resistance is a hallmark of cancer cells. Typically, bile acids induce apoptosis. However during gastrointestinal (GI) tumorigenesis the cancer cells develop resistance to bile acid-induced cell death. To understand how bile acids induce apoptosis resistance we first need to identify the molecular pathways that initiate apoptosis in response to bile acid exposure. In this study we exa...