The often-cited back translation procedure used for the translation of research instruments has not been consistently described in cross-cultural literature. Translation errors resulting in conceptually dissimilar instruments can compromise comparisons of cross-cultural health initiatives. This report describes a five-step translation procedure and equivalence and reliability testing process us...

The basic concept in Neural Machine Translation (NMT) is to train a large Neural Network that maximizes the translation performance on a given parallel corpus. NMT is then using a simple left-toright beam-search decoder to generate new translations that approximately maximize the trained conditional probability. The current beam search strategy generates the target sentence word by word from le...

The study presented in this work is a first effort at real-time speech translation of TED talks, a compendium of public talks with different speakers addressing a variety of topics. We address the goal of achieving a system that balances translation accuracy and latency. In order to improve ASR performance for our diverse data set, adaptation techniques such as constrained model adaptation and ...

Automatic machine translation systems are seen unable to produce publishable quality translation, so various computer-assisted translation systems that emphasize humanmachine cooperation have been proposed. However, translator collaboration technologies are underdeveloped, an area of great importance for large volume translation tasks. Ideally, all human translation knowledge is shared among tr...

Translation has always been considered a sign of existing communication processes between nations. The act translating from or into language usually reflects its cultural and economic status. For example, during the middle ages, Arab World’s situation was witnessing prosperous era; hence, various nations at that time were highly interested in Arabic culture their languages cultures. Nowadays, W...