Rathbun (1948) first described the syndrome of hypophosphatasia as a definite entity, although previous authors had described patients now thought to be examples of this syndrome. This disorder has also been called rickets with deficiency of alkaline phosphatase (Sobel, Clark, Fox and Robinow, 1953; Schlesinger, Luder and Bodian, 1955) and osteodysmetamorphosis foetalis (Engfeldt and Zetterstro...

Received November 2, 2000 Abstract Mammalian pulmonary surfactants contain four distinct surfactant proteins, termed surfactant proteins A, B, C, and D (SP-A, SP-B, SP-C, and SP-D), that play unique roles in host defense, surfactant phospholipid homeostasis, and surfactant function. While in vitro studies supported overlapping roles for the surfactant proteins, unique functions for each surfact...

BACKGROUND The ACE gene contains a polymorphism consisting of either the presence (insertion, I) or absence (deletion, D) of a 287 bp alu repeat in intron 16. The D allele is associated with increased ACE activity in both tissue and plasma. The DD genotype is associated with risk of developing ARDS and mortality. The frequency of the D allele is higher in patients with pulmonary fibrosis, sarco...

CENTRAL SHUNTS EXIST IN THE fetal vascular system to enable circulation of enriched fetal blood. Delivery of metabolic wastes and gases to the placenta and return of oxygen and essential nutrients after exchange with maternal blood supply rely on these unique vascular channels. The ductus arteriosus is a large fetal vascular shunt situated between the pulmonary artery and aorta. It serves as th...

how to cite this article: mirzarahimi m, ahadi a, bohlooli sh, namakikhalajan e, barak m. antioxidant levels in cord blood of term neonates and its association with birth weight. iran j child neurol. winter 2016; 10(1):31-34.   abstract objective due to excessive production of free radicals and antioxidants evolved mechanisms against oxidative stress, infants are very vulnerable. as there was a...

Participating in the seminar’s first session were Dr. William R. Richardson, Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, who served as moderator, Dr. Thomas Santulli, Children’s Surgeon at Columbia-Presbyterian Hospital, New York City, Dr. Marel H. Harmel, Anesthesiologist at Kings County Hospital, and Dr. Lawrence K. Pickett, Chief of Surgery at the State University of New York Medical Center i...

The lungs of eight newborn infants who had died from pulmonary atresia were studied by quantitative morphometric techniques. It was established for the first time that the abnormal pattern of blood flow through the heart and great vessels in a fetus with pulmonary atresia is associated with impaired lung development as shown by arteries that are too few, too small, and with an abnormally thin m...