This article aims to explain the position of fiqh schools in Islamic law and. Many problems arise because a lack understanding mazhab issues, such as taqlid attitudes, school fanaticism, and opinions about obligations certain schools. As result, due different thought, there was strife within Muslims. Even more extreme, it is from Madzhab or teachings its ulama, Koran Hadith are rejected. The ap...

Automatic problem generation for learning tools can provide the required quantity and variation of problems necessary for an intelligent tutoring system. However, this requires an understanding of problem difficulty and corresponding features of student performance. Our goal is to automatically generate new proof problems in Deep Thought – an online propositional logic learning tool – for indiv...

The Georgia Institute of Technology has been a catalyst for economic growth in the Southeast United States since its founding in 1885. Over the past 30 years, it has become known as one of the top technological universities in the world. As part of a strategic planning effort in mid2009, it sought to strengthen its thought leadership and impact through the implementation of a global innovation ...

Deep Thought is a logic tutor where students practice constructing deductive logic proofs. Within Deep Thought is a data-driven mastery learning system (DDML), which calculates student proficiency based on rule scores weighted by expert-decided weights in order to assign problem sets of appropriate difficulty. In this study, we designed and tested a data-driven proficiency profiler (DDPP) metho...

We describe the “Deep Thought” algorithm, which can, among other things, take a commutator presentation for a finitely generated torsion-free nilpotent group G, and produce explicit polynomials for the multiplication of elements of G. These polynomials were first shown to exist by Philip Hall, and allow for “symbolic collection” in finitely generated nilpotent groups. We discuss various practic...

We propose a novel extension of the encoder-decoder framework, called a review network. The review network is generic and can enhance any existing encoderdecoder model: in this paper, we consider RNN decoders with both CNN and RNN encoders. The review network performs a number of review steps with attention mechanism on the encoder hidden states, and outputs a thought vector after each review s...

When developing an intelligent tutoring system, it is necessary to have a significant number of highly varied problems that adapt to a student’s individual learning style. In developing an intelligent tutor for logic proof construction, selecting problems for individual students that effectively aid their progress can be difficult, since logic proofs require knowledge of a number of concepts an...