The Association of Southeast Asian Nations’ (ASEAN) pursuit for a Zone Peace, Freedom and Neutrality (ZOPFAN) first began during the Cold War, at time intense superpower rivalry in Asia. ASEAN reaffirmed importance this principle 2020, amid growing concerns instability Asia-Pacific region as result increasing tensions between United States (US) China. Through an examination ZOPFAN principle, pa...

The concept of neutral evolutionary networks being a significant factor in evolutionary dynamics was first proposed by Huynen et al. about 7 years ago. In one sense, the principle is easy to state — because most mutations to an organism are deleterious, one would expect that neutral mutations that don’t affect the phenotype will have disproportionately greater representation amongst successor o...

We consider a model in which production of a downstream good requires access to an excludable upstream resource owned by a vertically integrated firm. The quality of the resource depends on an investment made by the owner and impacts the demand curve in the downstream market. Under open access, the owner must share the resource with downstream competitors at a regulated tariff, determined after...

Over the last years, the effects of neutrality have attracted the attention of many researchers in the Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) community. A mutation from one gene to another is considered as neutral if this modification does not affect the phenotype. This article provides a general overview on the work carried out on neutrality in EAs. Using as a framework the origin of neutrality and its...

The effects of neutrality on evolutionary search have been considered in a number of interesting studies, the results of which, however, have been contradictory. We believe that this confusion is due to several reasons. In this paper, we shed some light on neutrality by addressing these problems. That is, we use the simplest possible definition of neutrality, we consider one of the simplest pos...

Many critics of Martha Nussbaum claim that her account the capabilities approach is a perfectionist theory does not provide unique standpoint to political justice and only complements Rawls’ conception primary goods. The purpose this article show differs from goods in sense former orientated towards ends good life, while latter means. author argues takes an intermediate position between neutral...

The EuQoS (End-to-End QoS over Heterogeneous Networks) IST Integrated European Project aimed to define a Next Generation Network architecture that builds, uses and manages end-to-end QoS across different administrative domains and heterogeneous networks (UMTS, xDSL, Ethernet, WiFi, Satellite and IP/ MPLS). The EuQoS architecture preserves the openness and the decentralized decision model of the...

We investigate the consequences of enforcing local color neutrality on the color superconducting phases of quark matter by utilizing the Nambu-JonaLasinio model supplemented by diquark and the t’Hooft six-fermion interactions. In neutrino free matter at zero temperature, color neutrality guarantees that the number densities of u, d, and s quarks in the Color-Flavor-Locked (CFL) phase will be eq...