It is well known that cAMP signaling plays a role in regulating functional plasticity at central glutamatergic synapses. However, in the Drosophila CNS, where acetylcholine is thought to be a primary excitatory neurotransmitter, cellular changes in neuronal communication mediated by cAMP remain unexplored. In this study we examined the effects of elevated cAMP levels on fast excitatory choliner...

Ionizing radiation is known to induce numerous effects in cells including cell cycle delay, DNA damage, altered gene expression and cell death. Although there are serious impacts on the organisms, the effects on prenatal development are largely unknown. Data regarding potential biological effects on the prenatal development after in utero radiation exposure predominantly stem from atomic bomb s...

Front-end integrated circuits for signal processing are useful in neuronal recording systems that engage a large number of electrodes. Detection, alignment, and sorting of the spike data at the frontend reduces the data bandwidth and enables wireless communication. Without such data reduction, large data volumes need to be transferred to a host computer and typically heavy cables are required w...

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles, which stem from endosomes fusing with the plasma membrane, and can be recaptured by receiving cells. They contain lipids, proteins, and RNAs able to modify the physiology of receiving cells. Functioning of the brain relies on intercellular communication between neural cells. These communications can modulate the strength of responses at sparse groups o...

The brain is considered to use a relatively small amount of energy for its efficient information processing. Under a severe restriction on the energy consumption, the maximization of mutual information (MMI), which is adequate for designing artificial processing machines, may not suit for the brain. The MMI attempts to send information as accurate as possible and this usually requires a suffici...

hippocampal neural stem/progenitor cells (hipp-ns/pcs) of the adult mammalian brain are important sources of neuronal and gial cell production. in this study, the main goal is to investigate the plasticity of these cells in neuronal/astroglial differentiations. to this end, the differentiation of the hipp-ns/pcs isolated from 3-month-old wistar rats was investigated in response to the embryonic...