Hydraulic fracturing is a key technology for shale gas production. Activating the natural fracture (NF) system in reservoirs and forming complex network can greatly improve effect of fracturing. The mainly influenced by geological factors operational parameters reservoir. Effectively reforming reservoir under unfavourable conditions maximizing activation NFs substantially increase its reformed ...

Introduction During hydraulic fracturing experiments in the laboratory the opening of hydraulic fractures is monitored with ultrasonic transducers. The experiment closely resembles seismic monitoring surveys in the field [MEADOWS AND WINTERSTEIN 1994, WILLS ET AL. 1992]. The extraction of information out of these experiments is critically dependent on the understanding of the elastodynamic beha...

Shale formations show obvious anisotropic characteristics in their mechanical properties due to pronounced bedding planes and natural fractures. This anisotropic behavior generally creates complex fracturing networks and is crucial to gas shale stimulation. Although much research has been done to study the anisotropic compression behaviors of shale with static and quasi-static strain rates, the...

As part of the European Hot Dry Rocks Project, a second exploration borehole, EPS-1, has been cored to a depth of 2227 m at Soultz-sous-For@ts (France). The target was a granite beginning at 1417 m depth, overlain by post-Paleozoic sedimentary cover. Structural analysis and petrographic examination of the 800-111 porphyritic granite core, have shown that this rock has undergone several periods ...