Promotion of low-skilled off-farm rural labor market participation can be an important strategy to improve livelihoods and food security of the poor in developing countries. This paper investigates rural farm households' participation in low-skilled off-farm labor markets with disaggregate data from a survey of 400 households in Tigray, the northern highlands of Ethiopia. Adopting Heckman's two...

Between late 2010 and early 2013, Australia’s net income deficit narrowed to its lowest point since the early 1990s. this article examines the reasons for this narrowing and finds that it was mainly due to declines in the average yields paid by Australian entities on their foreign debt and equity liabilities. the lower average yield paid on foreign debt liabilities reflects a combination of dec...

land use optimization is one of the appropriate methods for soil conservation programs that allow watershed managers and decision makers to choose the best land use practices. with the objective of optimizing land use to minimize soil erosion, the present research was conducted in one of the taleghan sub-basins in iran, namely, orazan sub-basin, with an area of 2,706 ha. to achieve the objectiv...

This study uses panel data from 1,142 Kenya smallholder households over four survey periods to examine the determinants of participation in land rental markets and to quantify the impact of renting land on households’ crop income and total income. We find that land rental markets in Kenya enhance productivity and are equitable. The results are consistent across different estimation methods and ...

The basis, and characterization, of pro-poor growth remain a source of debate in the current development literature. The paper sheds light on this debate with an example drawn from an analysis of household panel data from Bangladesh. The objective is to determine if observed rural income growth and the policies supporting this growth have been pro-poor — that is, whether policies and growth hav...

African American children are more likely to be poor and live in households that are ‘‘asset poor,’’ with no or very little net worth. Using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and its Child Development Supplement, this article explores whether living in a household with net worth above the sample median seems to promote educational success and the development of human capital over time, irrespe...

The Effect of Migration on Income Growth and Convergence: Meta-Analytic Evidence We compare a set of econometric studies that measure the effect of net internal migration in neoclassical models of long-run real income convergence and derive 67 comparable effect sizes. The precision-weighted estimate of beta convergence is about 2.7%. An increase in the net migration rate of a region by one perc...

The Effect of Migration on Income Growth and Convergence: Meta-Analytic Evidence We compare a set of econometric studies that measure the effect of net internal migration in neoclassical models of long-run real income convergence and derive 67 comparable effect sizes. The precision-weighted estimate of beta convergence is about 2.7%. An increase in the net migration rate of a region by one perc...

This research aimed to analyze the increase in income from intensified agrosilvopastoral Wiladeg Village, Karangmojo Sub-district, Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. employed Participatory Action Research (PAR) collect data through four cycles of food crop production trials under forest stands. The on-farm used submersible-well technology and lasted for three years. Average Equivalent ...