Gadolinium-based contrast agents (primarily those with linear chelates) are associated with a dose-dependent signal hyperintensity in the dentate nucleus and the globus pallidus on unenhanced T1-weighted MRI following administration to selected patients with normal renal function. The accumulation of gadolinium has also been reported in the skin, heart, liver, lung, and kidney of patients with ...

Gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA), which is marketed as Eovist® (gadoxetic acid disodium), is a new hepatobiliary imaging agent that was approved for clinical use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2008. Gadoxetic acid is specifically taken up by hepatocytes using the same molecular mechanism as bile acid. It is eliminated from the body in equa...

OBJECTIVE Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a generalised fibrotic disorder occurring in certain individuals with renal insufficiency exposed to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GdBCA) for MRI. Histopathological examination of affected tissues shows increased numbers of activated macrophages. To elucidate the mechanisms responsible for macrophage activation, the effects of the GdBCA Omnis...

INTRODUCTION: The molecular probes used in hyperpolarized C spectroscopy have important advantages over contrast agents currently in clinical use, expected to have little or no toxicity in humans, even at relatively high concentrations. This feature is particularly appealing given recent concerns about contrast nephropathy associated with iodinated CT contrast, as well as nephrogenic systemic f...

BACKGROUND Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a systemic fibrotic disorder occurring in some patients with renal insufficiency after exposure to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GdBCA). OBJECTIVES To examine cultured NSF dermal fibroblast production and expression of collagens I and III, fibronectin, hyaluronic acid and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) during serial passages and the effects...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), dermatology, and dermatopathology records were searched to determine the incidence of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) at a large military hospital in China. Over the past 3.7 years, gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA)-enhanced MRI was performed with Gd-DTPA (n = 28,680) or MultiHance (n = 635) typically at slightly more than a standard dose, as most pati...

Comments on the case report reported by Elmholdt et al. Sir, We read with interest the recent report by Elmholdt et al. [1], documenting two cases of nephrogenic systemic fibro-sis (NSF) following exposure to a large dose of the macro-cyclic gadolinium (Gd) contrast-enhancing agent (GdCA), gadobutrol (Gadovist, Bayer-Schering, Germany). However , we have several reservations about this report i...

Thyroid dermopathy is an uncommon manifestation of autoimmune thyroid disease. About 0.5%-4.3% of patients with history of thyrotoxicosis and 15% of patients with severe Graves' ophthalmopathy have this cutaneous manifestation. However thyroid dermopathy is almost always associated with ophthalmopathy (96%) and sign and symptoms of hyperth-yroidism. The diagnosis of thyroid dermopathy is based ...

BACKGROUND Restrictive dermopathy is a very rare autosomal recessive skin disorder. The typical pathologic findings are striking: microstomia, micrognathia, thin but very tight translucent skin that tears spontaneously, and arthrogryposis multiplex. The mechanisms behind this disease are unknown. OBSERVATIONS We describe for the first time a newborn girl with restrictive dermopathy, transposi...