OBJECTIVE Despite the current prevalence of preterm births, no clear guidelines exist on the optimal mode of delivery. Our objective was to investigate the effects of mode of delivery on neonatal outcomes among premature infants in a large cohort. STUDY DESIGN We applied a retrospective cohort study design to a database of 6,408 births. Neonates were stratified by birth weight and a composite...

INTRODUCTION Maternal body mass index has an impact on maternal and fetal pregnancy outcome. An increased maternal BMI is known to be associated with admission of the newborn to a neonatal care unit. The reasons and impact of this admission on fetal outcome, however, are unknown so far. OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of maternal BMI on maternal and fetal pregnanc...

Background: Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia is a common problem encountered in neonates and often requires admission and treatment. Aims & Objectives: To determine the incidence, etiology and risk factors associated with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on data obtained on live births for 2012 and 2013.All treated ca...

Prof. Alistair G. S. Philip, MD, Division of Neonatal and Development Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, 750 Welch Road, Suite 135, Palo Alto, CA 94304 (USA) Epidemiology During the past 50 years or so, since the introduction of antibiotics, the predominant organisms causing neonatal sepsis have fluctuated to a considerable extent. In contrast, the characteristics of infants who deve...

BACKGROUND Poor interferon gamma (IFNγ) production during respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is associated with prolonged viral clearance and increased disease severity in neonatal mice and humans. We previously showed that intra-nasal delivery of IFNγ significantly enhances RSV clearance from neonatal lungs prior to observed T-lymphocyte recruitment or activation, suggesting an innate immune me...

Background: Comparison of obstetric and neonatal outcomes of twin pregnancies conceived by assisted reproduction technology (ART) with those of spontaneously conceived (SC). Materials and Methods: In this prospective cohort study, all dichorionic twin pregnancies following fresh IVF/ intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) or ICSI cycles (n=320) and (SC) (n=170) in nulliparous women in Royan I...

BACKGROUND Preterm birth (PTB) is responsible for 70% of neonatal mortalities. Various factors influence the risk of neonatal mortality in different populations. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to evaluate neonatal survival rate of preterm infants, and to define its predictors in Iranian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study included all preterm (26-37 weeks) infants...

background & aim:  this study aimed to determine the relationship between lipid and apolipoprotein b-100 (apo b-100) levels in maternal and umbilical cord sera as well as the effects of these components on anthropometric measurements of newborn infants. methods:this correlational study was performed on 85 appropriate for gestational age (aga) newborns and their mothers. for analysis, 5 ml of ma...

Background: Adverse stress exposure during the early neonatal period has been shown to cause aberrant development, resulting in an increased risk of adult disease. We tested the hypothesis that neonatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) does not alter heart function at rest condition but causes heart dysfunction under stress stimulation later in life. Methods: Saline control or LPS were admi...

Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis is a fatal neonatal disease that accounts for large proportion of deaths in the NICU. Preterm birth and low weight are among most important risk factors, but multifactorial, with multiple other factors involved, including intestinal immaturity, ischemia, continued enteral feeding place breastfeeding, long-term exposure to antimicrobial agents, an abnormal micr...