AIMS To design and conduct preliminary validation of a measure of hypoglycaemia awareness and problematic hypoglycaemia, the Hypoglycaemia Awareness Questionnaire. METHODS Exploratory and cognitive debriefing interviews were conducted with 17 adults (nine of whom were women) with Type 1 diabetes (mean ± sd age 48 ± 10 years). Questionnaire items were modified in consultation with diabetologis...

For patients with diabetes, hypoglycaemia can present a number of risks ranging from mild to life-threatening in severity. Frequently occurring hypoglycaemia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have found associations between intensive glycaemia treatment and an increased incidence of hypoglycaemia, prompting much discussion concerning the clinical significance ...

BACKGROUND Diabetic patients on insulin and sulphonylureas are at risk of developing hypoglycaemia. Many patients do not respond appropriately because of poor knowledge and understanding of the symptoms of hypoglycaemia, which if not promptly treated can lead to permanent neurological and renal damage. Hypoglycaemic complications can be avoided if patients have a good knowledge of the early sym...

Gastric carcinoma may rarely be the cause of tumour-associated hypoglycaemia. We report the case of an elderly woman who presented in hypoglycaemic coma, and who was found subsequently to have an adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Hypoglycaemia persisted despite prednisolone, diazoxidef and a high concentration dextrose infusion. The few published cases are reviewed in which an association was esta...

The symptoms produced by hypoglycaemia in the newborn include apnoeic attacks, alterations of muscle tone, 'juddery' movements of the limbs, convulsions, and reluctance to feed. These symptoms are not specific for hypoglycaemia, for they can be caused by a variety of conditions, such as perinatal anoxia, intracranial haemorrhage, meningitis, or hypocalcaemia. When infants with both hypoglycaemi...

introduction: a growing number of muslim athletes now engage in international competition. this raises the question of the advice they should be given if a major event occurs during the month of ramadan. methods: a narrative review has been based upon books and extensive reviews completed by the author and other investigators. results: practical considerations hamper assessment of the effects o...

AIM To assess the value and safety of fasts for investigating hypoglycaemia or suspected metabolic disease. STUDY DESIGN Review of all diagnostic fasts performed over a 2.5 year period. SETTING The neonatal intensive care unit and programmed investigation unit at a tertiary referral centre for endocrinology and metabolic disease. RESULTS 138 diagnostic fasts were performed during the stud...

BACKGROUND Severe hypoglycaemia still represents a significant problem in insulin-treated diabetes. Most patients do not experience severe hypoglycaemia often. However, 20% of patients with type 1 diabetes experience recurrent severe hypoglycaemia corresponding to at least two episodes per year. The effect of insulin analogues on glycaemic control has been documented in large trials, while thei...

In non-diabetic adult patients, hypoglycaemia may be related to drugs, critical illness, cortisol or glucagon insufficiency, non-islet cell tumour, insulinoma, or it may be surreptitious. Nevertheless, some hypoglycaemic episodes remain unexplained, and inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) should be considered, particularly in cases of multisystemic involvement. In children, IEM are considered a d...

The Meishan pig breed exhibits increased prolificacy and reduced neonatal mortality compared to commercial breeds, such as the Large White, prompting breeders to introduce the Meishan genotype into commercial herds. Commercial piglets are highly susceptible to hypoglycemia, hypothermia, and death, potentially due to limited lipid stores and/or delayed hepatic metabolic ability. We therefore hyp...