Soil nematodes play crucial roles in the soil food web and are a suitable indicator for assessing soil environments and ecosystems. Previous nematode community analyses based on nematode morphology classification have been shown to be useful for assessing various soil environments. Here we have conducted DNA barcode analysis for soil nematode community analyses in Japanese soils. We isolated ne...

Populations of three isolates of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the pinewood nematode, and one of B. mucronatus were treated with three cryoprotectants at -70 C for 24 hours followed by deep freezing at -180 C in liquid nitrogen for different periods of time. A solution of 15% glycerol, 35% buffer S, and 50% M9, or 1% aqueous solution of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), or a mixture of 60% M9 and 40% S b...

Roots of seedlings of red clover and alfalfa growing on 10(1) Hoagland and Arnon solution agar were inoculated with various combinations of Meloidogyne incognita and Pratylenchus penetrans. Egg-laying by P. penetrans decreased as the number of nematodes, the ratio of entrant M. incognita to entrant P. penetrans, and the priority of invasion of roots by M. incognita increased. Embryogeny and hat...

The nematode intestine is continuous with the outside environment, making it easily accessible to anthelmintics for parasite control, but the development of new therapeutics is impeded by limited knowledge of nematode intestinal cell biology. We established the most comprehensive nematode intestinal functional database to date by generating transcriptional data from the dissected intestines of ...

Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of plant confinement, soil type, watering practices, stage of seed germination, inoculum level, and method of applying inoculum on stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci) infection of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) seedlings grown in soil. Results indicated that (i) confining seedlings together with the nematodes in small vials offered no advantage ove...

A drip irrigation delivery system was used to infest field sites with the plant-parasitic root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita. Juvenile or egg inocula passed through the system without blockage of emitters or harm to the nematodes. Field sites so infested were available for experimentation. Delivery of approximately 5 x 10 to 10 juveniles or 10 to 3 x 10 eggs per emitter through the drip...

Yams (Dioscorea spp.) are food crops of growing significance in sub Saharan Africa. Unfortunately, nematodes are major pests to their production. A study was undertaken in major yam growing areas of Uganda to investigate the association of plant parasitic nematodes with damage symptoms. Nematodes were assessed from tubers, roots and surrounding soil for seven cultivars belonging to Dioscorea al...

Penetration and development of juveniles of tobacco cyst nematode (Globodera tabacum solanacearum) on a resistant (NC567) and a susceptible (K326) cultivar of flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) were determined in root zone chamber experiments. More vermiform juveniles developed into a swollen shape at 22, 27, and 31 degrees C than at 17 degrees C. Development of flask-shaped nematodes ap...

Root-knot nematodes cause annual losses of about USD $100 billion worldwide. Development of natural resistance to nematicides by nematodes and the tendency to withdraw chemical pesticides/nematicides from the market led to the search for new methods of control. Biological control of root-knot nematodes with Paecilomyces lilacinus is being investigated thoroughly, but there is a lack of informat...

A Russian knapweed (Acroptilon repens) shoot culture system, initiated from shoot tip culture, was used to generate a source of host plant tissue for the rearing of the nematode Subanguina picridis, a biocontrol agent for Russian knapweed. Young shoots growing on solid B5G medium in petri dishes developed galls on leaves, petioles, and shoot tips 7 days after release of 50 nematodes onto the su...