Two new devices (OT, ST), were recently introduced for the recovery of parasite eggs and cysts for microscopic examination. These devices, two stationary flotation devices, and a standard double-centrifugal sugar-flotation were compared using common flotation solutions and methods recommended by the manufacturers for the recovery of hookworm, ascaridoid, and whipworm eggs from companion animal ...

Two populations of Meloidogyne arenaria (race 2, incompatible on peanut) enhanced development of Cylindrocladium black rot (CBR) on CBR-resistant peanut cv. NC 3033 in greenhouse factorial experiments. Nematode populations 256 and 486 (0, 10(3), 10 eggs per 15-cm pot) were tested in all combinations with Cylindrocladium crotalariae (0, 0.5, 5, 50 microsclerotia per cm(3) of soil). Root-rot inde...

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines Ichinohe (Phylum Nematoda), is a major pathogen of soybean. It causes substantial yield losses worldwide and is difficult to control because the cyst protects the eggs which can remain viable for nearly a decade. Crop rotation with non-host crops and use of biocontrol organisms such as fungi and bacteria offer promising approaches, but remain...

One hundred fifty rhizobacteria isolated from roots of Swiss chard grown in a soil suppressive to the sugar beet cyst nematode, Heterodera schachtii, were tested for their influence on the nematode's ability to hatch and infect roots. Two screening systems were used that focused on the ability of bacteria to inhibit either nematode hatching or root infection. Most of the bacterial strains reduc...

We demonstrate the use of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a facile and inexpensive model host for several Gram-positive human bacterial pathogens. Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus, but not Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecium, or Streptococcus pyogenes, kill adult C. elegans. Focusing our studies on the enterococcal species, we found that both...

The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of root-knot nematode infection on the growth of kenaf. Seeds of sixteen (16) varieties of kenaf, comprising of eight from Australia, three local and five accessions from Bangladesh were planted under controlled condition and inoculated with four level of 0, 1000, 5000 and 10000 RKN eggs per plant. The growth parameters of height, sta...

The efficacy of an oral formulation of ivermectin plus praziquantel in the reduction of nematode and cestode egg counts in horses was assessed in 273 horses under field conditions at 15 sites in North America (n = 6) and Europe (n = 9). Horses were confirmed by fecal examination to have natural infections of strongyles (100%) and tapeworms (76%). Replicates of four horses were formed at each si...

Ten cultivars of watermelon were evaluated for their response to a Puerto Rican population of Meloidogyne incognita under greenhouse conditions in a 2-year study (1989 and 1990). Ten-day-old seedlings were planted in steam-sterilized soil in 15-cm-d plastic pots. The nematode inoculum consisted of 10,000 eggs and (or) second-stage juveniles (J2)/plant. The cultivars were Sugar Baby, Charleston ...

The type and level of infective strongylid nematode larvae on pasture were monitored fortnightly from July 1995 to June 1996 in the central highlands of Kenya. The number of larvae on pasture was moderate, reaching > 1,200 kg(-1) dry matter of grass during the period of, and soon after, the rains, and remained low in the dry seasons. The number of larvae on pasture was directly related to the r...

Toxocara canis (Nematoda: Ascaridae) is an intestinal nematode parasite of dogs, which can also cause disease in humans. Transmission to humans usually occurs because of direct contact with T. canis eggs present in soil contaminated with the feces of infected dogs. This nematode has extraordinary abilities to survive for many years in different tissues of vertebrates, and deve...