TiE Victorian era secured for man the revolutionary concepts of geological time and natural selection and may well have been the last epoch in which the world of science was seriously contested by the principles of theology, if not the ethics of religion. Not since the time of Galileo was there a greater need for resolution and compromise between these opposing forces. Thomas Henry Huxley clear...

We apply data refinement to implement the real numbers, where we support all numbers in the field extension Q[ √ b], i.e., all numbers of the form p+ q √ b for rational numbers p and q and some fixed natural number b. To this end, we also developed algorithms to precisely compute roots of a rational number, and to perform a factorization of natural numbers which eliminates duplicate prime facto...

1 The Tate{Lichtenbaum pairing In the paper F-R] it is shown how the Tate pairing on Abelian varieties in Licht-enbaum`s version can be used to relate the discrete logarithm in the group J m (F q) of m{torsion points of the Mordell-Weil group of the Jacobian J of a curve over a nite eld F q to the discrete logarithm in F q if q ? 1 is divisible by m. 1 More precisely the main result of F-R] can...

We present a formalization of roots of unity, define cyclotomic polynomi-als and demonstrate the relationship between cyclotomic polynomials and unital polynomials. The following proposition is true (1) For every natural number n holds n = 0 or n = 1 or n ≥ 2. The scheme Comp Ind NE concerns a unary predicate P , and states that: For every non empty natural number k holds P [k] provided the fol...

as we know, at the course of history of thought the definition of religion has been always a significant dilemma and each thinker or philosopher of religion had inclination to present an accurate definition of religion. in spite of these attempts, there has been no consentaneous definition of religion up to now. difficulty of the definition of religion has several reasons that in this article s...

protozoa, such as those that cause sleeping sickness, leishmaniasis, and even malaria, predominantly reproduce clonally, which is, of course, of considerable medical significance. In May 1991, Tibayrenc returned to my lab, now at UC Irvine, for 14 months of additional research. We have continued collaborating to the present. Are science and religion compatible? Evolution and religious beliefs n...

spiritual needs of human beings to look at the world and life meaningfully and escape from meaninglessness, and to look at religion as a factor that provides meaning to life, have opened a new horizon in the direction of understanding of religion and produced “meaning approach” in religious. by presenting a new interpretation of human being, religion and their relationship, this approach emphas...