There are a number of studies linking social capital to oral health among older adults, although the evidence base mainly relies on cross-sectional study designs. The possibility of reverse causality is seldom discussed, even though oral health problems could potentially lead to lower social participation. Furthermore, few studies clearly distinguish between the effects of different dimensions ...

A long history of debate exists among macroeconomists regarding the degree to which public capital contributes to overall economic activity. Estimates of the output elasticity with respect to public capital range anywhere from 0.06 in early work by Ratner (1983) to as high as 0.39 in a widely cited study by Aschauer (1989). This elasticity refers to the percentage change in GDP induced by a giv...

Transaction cost, property rights, and resource-based approaches to the firm assume that assets, both tangible and intangible, are heterogeneous. Arranging these assets to minimize contractual hazards, to provide efficient investment incentives, or to exploit competitive advantage is conceived as the prime task of economic organization. None of these approaches, however, is based on a systemati...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com The Theory of Economic Growth has its formal beginning from the seminal developments of Harrod & Domar [1]. Subsequently, in view of the well-known criticisms of these developments, particularly the intrinsic instability and the impossibility of achieving a stable equilibrium in the Harrod model, the Solow growth model emerges. In its full version, ...

Concerns about sustainability in agricultural systems centre on the need to develop technologies and practices that do not have adverse effects on environmental goods and services, are accessible to and effective for farmers, and lead to improvements in food productivity. Despite great progress in agricultural productivity in the past half-century, with crop and livestock productivity strongly ...

This chapter assesses the nature and degree of environmental degradation and resource depletion in China and their relationship to economic activity and environmental policies. We describe regulatory and other policies and consider their political economy determinants. Inasmuch as this objective can only be partially achieved, we hope to contribute to a research agenda for environmental and res...

Although earthquake disasters are often termed as a 'natural' disaster, a critical analysis reveals that most of them are in fact man-made, and caused by the human activities that are related to poor construction practices in both developed and developing countries. Damage scenarios of recent earthquakes show ample examples in support of this statement. While risk perception is an important iss...