Purpose – The purpose of the study is to review readability formulae and offer a critique, based on a comparison of the grading of a variety of texts given by six well-known formulae. Methodology – A total of 64 texts in English were selected either by or for native English speaking children aged between six and 11 years. Each text was assessed using six commonly used readability formulae via t...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to investigate tone production performance of native Mandarin Chinese speaking children with cochlear implants and to evaluate the effects of age at implantation and duration of implant use on tone production in those children. METHODS Fourteen prelingually deaf children who had received cochlear implantation and 14 age-matched normal-hearing chi...

In this paper, we explore the differences between direct and symbolic sequential modeling of prosody. We use sequential models to characterize speech in two tasks, classifying speaking-style and distinguishing native from non-native speech. We explore the use of a spike-and-slab model to directly model pitch contour data. We find in both of these tasks that sequences of symbolic prosodic events...

The study investigates the effect of immigrant background and sex on perceived ethnic discrimination school connectedness in Finland. An online questionnaire was completed by 1,827 adolescents (12-19 years age) from both Finnish Swedish speaking schools Western Adolescents’ family categorized as either native, multicultural, or immigrant. Perceived examined according to its source, whether it a...

This study investigates the Iraqi learners’ perceptions of non-native English-speaking teachers (NNESTs) at Komar University, Iraq and explores extent to which NNESTs can be differentiated in terms teaching different skills their English language knowledge. A quantitative questionnaire focusing on effectiveness target culture, easing learning process, own proficiency, techniques was adopted fro...

The rise of bilingual education triggers an important question: which language is preferred for a particular school activity? Our field experiment (n = 120) shows that students (aged 13-15) who process feedback in non-native English have greater self-serving bias than students who process feedback in their native Dutch. By contrast, literature on the foreign-language emotionality effect suggest...

Colonial nurses were ideal agents of colonial medicine's supposed beneficence: while practising and teaching "hygiene", they also reinforced racial and cultural separation. In some cases, however, the nurses took their role as healers and teachers of local populations much more seriously than was authorized implicitly by their employer. This article analyses the circulation of original life wri...