Soil seedbanks are defined in composition and quantity by many environmental factors inherent to a specific area, they can be an indicator of the potential problems weeds crops. In Valencia (Spain), rice is cultivated with continuous flooding during growing season, after harvesting, paddy fields flooded again winter. This study investigates fields’ soil seedbank this Mediterranean area effect w...

Medicinal plants have long been considered for the treatment of many diseases among Iranians and in recent years use medicinal has increased. In traditional Iranian medicine, described to eliminate kidney stones, dissolve stones or prevent stone formation. Based on results Cichorium intybus L. Biarum straussii Engl., Tribulus terrestris L., Nasturtium officinale R. Br., Alhagi camelorum Fisch.,...

Due to the potential hazard of diclofenac on aquatic organisms and lack higher-tier ecotoxicological studies, a long-term freshwater mesocosm experiment was set up study effects this substance primary producers consumers at environmentally realistic nominal concentrations 0.1, 1 10 µg/L (average effective 0.041, 0.44 3.82 µg/L). During six-month exposure period, biovolume two macrophyte species...