Abstract In criminal trials, judges or jurors have to decide whether the facts described in indictment are proven beyond a reasonable doubt. However, these decision-makers cannot always imagine every relevant sequence of events—there may be unconceived alternatives. The possibility alternatives is an overlooked source I argue that should not consider defendant’s guilt if they good reasons belie...

This paper discusses how limited ability to predict illness and treatment response may affect the welfare achieved in patient care. The discussion covers both decentralized clinical decision making and care that adheres to clinical practice guidelines. I explain why predictive ability has been limited, calling attention to questionable methodological practices in the research that supports evid...

For any abelian Polish σ-compact group H there exist an Fσ ideal Z ⊆ P (N) and a Borel Z -approximate homomorphism f : H → HN which is not Z -approximable by a continuous true homomorphism g : H → HN .

We describe a general mechanism for the dynamic learning of default assumptions about unknown parameters in a complex problem. We evaluate the mechanism in the context of scheduling an academic conference, utilizing an existing scheduling system. We show that the assumptions help the system find better schedules in the presence of uncertainty, and further that the assumptions aid the system’s e...