Wet aerosols of 4.5% sodium chloride (NaCl) are often used to assess the bronchial responsiveness associated with asthma. We questioned whether dry NaCl could be used as an alternative. Dry powder NaCl was inhaled from capsules containing either 5, 10, 20 or 40 mg to a cumulative dose of 635 mg. The powder was delivered via an Inhalator or Halermatic. The airway sensitivity to the dry and wet N...

A high NaCl diet can raise blood pressure in both susceptible people and in susceptible animals, and the mechanisms are probably quite similar for both humans and animals. The possibly harmful effects of a high NaCl diet are not unexpected since both prehistoric man and mammals evolved in a low NaCl world. Evolutionary forces molded mammals to adapt well to a low sodium intake; the modern high ...

The changes in ATP and PPi contents in roots under NaCl stress, and the effect of PPi on tonoplast H(+)-ATPase activity were studied with two barley cultivars differing in salt tolerance. The results showed that tonoplast H(+)-ATPase activity in salt-tolerant barley cultivar "Tanyin 2" roots increased obviously under NaCl 200 mmol/L (containing half-strength Hoagland solution) for 2 d, and decr...

We studied the effects of dietary NaCl intake on the renal distal tubule by feeding rats high or low NaCl chow or by chronically infusing furosemide. Furosemide-treated animals were offered saline as drinking fluid to replace urinary losses. Effects of naCl intake were evaluated using free-flow micropuncture, in vivo microperfusion, and morphometric techniques. Dietary NaCl restriction did not ...

With increased dietary NaCl intake (8% NaCl), the borderline hypertensive rat develops hypertension, thus expressing the phenotype of the spontaneously hypertensive parent. Since arterial baroreceptor reflex function is impaired in the spontaneously hypertensive parent, it was the objective of this study to examine arterial baroreceptor reflex function in the borderline hypertensive rat made hy...

Abstract: Previous studies have shown that X-rays are produced by electrically accelerating electrons produced by thermionic emission from a hot filament. The emitted electrons are then directed toward a crystal via collimator to study crystal properties. When the target material of the X-ray tube is bombarded with electrons accelerated from the cathode filament, two types of X-ray spectra are ...

The mobility (diffusion and trapping) of the heavy rare gases Kr, Xe, and Rn in pure and doped NaCl single crystals was measured following ion bombardment to various integrated doses (108 to 2X1016 ions/cm2) and at energies between 30 and 500 keV. No obvious effect of doping on release was found. At low gas concentrations, release was compatible with volume diffusion yielding an acti­ vation en...

1. Male broiler chickens were given a sodium chloride-deficient or NaCl-adequate diet from 7 to 21 d of age in Expt 1 and 28 to 56 d of age in Expt 2. 2. NaCl-deficient chickens had a markedly poorer growth and food conversion efficiency than those given the NaCl-adequate diet. 3. NaCl deficiency was associated with an increase in basal metabolic rate and increases in oxygen consumption, heat p...

The current study tested the hypothesis that high NaCl diets elevate blood pressure in NaCl-sensitive spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-S) by reducing noradrenergic input to depressor neurons in the anterior hypothalamus. SHR-S were studied at 7 weeks of age, and age-matched salt resistant SHR (SHR-R) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were controls. Rats were fed either high (8%) NaCl...