We study the fixed-parameter tractability, subexponential time computability, and approximability of the well-known NP-hard problems: INDEPENDENT SET, VERTEX COVER, and DOMINATING SET. We derive tight results and show that the computational complexity of these problems, with respect to the above complexity measures, is dependent on the genus of the underlying graph. For instance, we show that, ...

We investigate the role weakly damped modes play in the selection of Faraday wave patterns forced with rationally-related frequency components mω and nω. We use symmetry considerations to argue for the special importance of the weakly damped modes oscillating with twice the frequency of the critical mode, and those oscillating primarily with the “difference frequency” |n − m|ω and the “sum freq...

Mercury exposure induces endothelial dysfunction leading to loss of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation due to decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability via increased oxidative stress. Our aim was to investigate whether acute treatment with methyl mercury chloride changes the endothelium-dependent vasodilator response and to explore the possible mechanisms behind the observed effects. Wistar...

We prove an nΩ(1)/4k lower bound on the randomized k-party communicationcomplexity of depth 4 AC0 functions in the number-on-forehead (NOF) model for up to Θ(logn)players. These are the first non-trivial lower bounds for general NOF multiparty communicationcomplexity for any AC0 function for ω(log logn) players. For non-constant k the bounds are largerthan all previous lower bou...

We investigated nitric oxide (NO) production in Paramecium caudatum, and the role of NO production in population growth in culture and thermoregulation. Nitrite (NO2 -) concentration in media containing P. caudatum [6350 ± 390 (SD) paramecia/ml] was 2.37 ± 0.53 μM after 6 h, compared to 0.16 ± 0.06 μM in media alone (p<0.005), and the NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor, Nω-nitro-L-arginine methylester...

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress plays a major role in pathogenesis of hypertension. Antidesma thwaitesianum (local name: Mamao) is a tropical plant distributed in the tropical/subtropical areas of the world, including Thailand. Mamao pomace (MP), a by-product generated from Mamao fruits, contains large amounts of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds. The aim of this study w...

Classical methods to model topological properties of point clouds, such as the Vietoris-Rips complex, suffer from the combinatorial explosion of complex sizes. We propose a novel technique to approximate a multi-scale filtration of the Rips complex with improved bounds for size: precisely, for n points in R, we obtain a O(d)-approximation with at most n2O(d log k) simplices of dimension k or lo...

BACKGROUND Gentiana floribunda was investigated for the possible hypotensive and vasodilator activities in an attempt to rationalize its traditional use in hypertension. METHODS The crude extract of Gentiana floribunda (Gf.Cr) was studied in anaesthetized rats and isolated thoracic aorta tissues. RESULTS Gf.Cr which tested positive for presence of flavonoids, saponins, sterols, tannins and ...

Let C be a set of colors, and let ω(c) be an integer cost assigned to a color c in C. An edge-coloring of a graph G is to color all the edges of G so that any two adjacent edges are colored with different colors in C. The cost ω( f ) of an edge-coloring f of G is the sum of costs ω( f (e)) of colors f (e) assigned to all edges e in G. An edge-coloring f of G is optimal if ω( f ) is minimum amon...

When COS7 fibroblasts and other cells were exposed to UVC irradiation and cold shock at 4°C for 5 min, rapid upregulation and nuclear accumulation of NOS2, p53, WWOX, and TRAF2 occurred in 10-30 min. By time-lapse microscopy, an enlarging gas bubble containing nitric oxide (NO) was formed in the nucleus in each cell that finally popped out to cause "bubbling death". Bubbling occurred effectivel...