PURPOSE Mammalian extraocular muscles (EOMs) are both physiologically and biochemically unique when compared with nonocular skeletal muscles. Recent studies have demonstrated a process of continuous myonuclear addition in normal uninjured myofibers in adult EOMs of rabbits and mice. The current study was conducted to determine whether this process of myonuclear addition is a universal phenomeno...

The mouse gene encoding a myosin heavy chain (MHC) protein expressed in type IIB fibers of adult skeletal muscle has been cloned and its promoter isolated. A number of DNA sequence motifs are found within the first 2.5 kilobases of the promoter which are similar to motifs present in the promoters of other muscle-specific genes. One sequence located at approximately -940 base pairs corresponds t...

Members of the myocyte enhancer factor-2 (MEF2) family of MADS domain transcription factors cannot induce myogenesis in transfected fibroblasts, but when coexpressed with the myogenic basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins MyoD or myogenin they dramatically increase the extent of myogenic conversion above that seen with either myogenic bHLH factor alone. This cooperativity required direct inter...

To increase our current knowledge on the nutritional regulation of growth and gene expression pattern in fish skeletal muscle, effect dietary macronutrient composition was assessed digestibility, nutrient retention, performance, mRNA levels key genes involved functionality, development muscle gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Long-term starvation decreased myogenic regulatory factors such as ...

While chromatin modifications can offer a useful readout for enhancer activities, it is less clear whether these modification marks are a cause or consequence of transcription factor occupancy and enhancer activation. We have examined in details the temporal events of acetyltransferase associations and histone acetylations at different regulatory regions of the Myod1 locus. Our studies demonstr...

It is predicted that already in 2040, 35% of requirements for meat will be provided by vitro production. Recreating the course myogenesis vitro, and thus resembling a structure muscle tissue, basis research focusing on obtaining cultured requires providing relevant factors supporting proliferation satellite cells—being precursors skeletal muscles. The present work aimed to develop composition m...

Mapping the regulatory modules to which transcription factors bind in vivo is a key step toward understanding of global gene expression programs. We have developed a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-chip strategy for identifying factor-specific regulatory regions acting in vivo. This method, called the ChIP-enriched in silico targets (ChEST) approach, combines immunoprecipitation of cross-l...

Myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) are required for mammalian skeletal myogenesis. In contrast, bodywall muscle is readily detectable in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos lacking activity of the lone MRF ortholog HLH-1, indicating that additional myogenic factors must function in the nematode. We find that two additional C. elegans proteins, UNC-120/SRF and HND-1/HAND, can convert naïve blastomere...

The commitment of myogenic cells in skeletal muscle differentiation requires earlier irreversible interruption of the cell cycle. At the molecular level, several key regulators of the cell cycle have been identified: cyclin-dependent kinases and their cyclins stimulate the cell cycle progress and its arrest is determined by the activity of cdk inhibitors (Cip/Kip and INK protein families) and p...