Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic condition characterized by intense pain, swelling, redness, hypersensitivity and additional sudomotor effects. In all 13 cases of CRPS in the head and neck region reported in the literature, nerve injury was identified as the etiology for pain initiation. In this article, we present the case of a 30-year-old female patient with sympathetically ...

Myofascial trigger points (MTPs) have long been a contentious issue in relation to fibromyalgia, and poorly defined pain complaints in general. Can MTPs be reproducibly identified? Do MTPs have valid objective findings, such as spontaneous electromyographic activity, muscle microdialysis evidence for an inflammatory milieu or visualization with newer ultrasound techniques? Is fibromyalgia a syn...

Objectives: The aim of this work was to determine the effect of small doses (5U) of botulinum toxin A (BTA) injected directly into the painful trigger points of the muscles. Methods: 42 patients suffering from myofascial pain in the neck-shoulder region were studied. The patients received either botulinum toxin A or physiological saline injections on 3 occasions 6 weeks apart. The total dose va...

Student activities in front of the computer for too long can be at risk causing myofascial pain syndrome. With MPS, it cause a decrease functional ability neck. To overcome these disorders, actions that given are form progressive muscle relaxation exercises and McKenzie neck exercises, purpose giving combination ROP is to increase subjective experience physiological tension relaxed, then restor...