Emergency doctors provide primary care to many patients with an acute-onset condition in the emergency room (ER) every day. We occasionally must address circulatory failure in patients that ranges from “acutely developing” to “severe.” Usually, it is not difficult to diagnose or to choose the proper therapeutic procedures, because most of these cases are caused by heart diseases, such as ischem...

RATIONALE The integrase inhibitor dolutegravir is now recommended as first-line treatment for HIV. A single case of myocarditis after treatment with dolutegravir was reported in the FLAMINGO trial. We present here 2 cases of severe myocarditis that occurred shortly after the initiation of dolutegravir treatment. PATIENTS CONCERNS The first case is a 45-year-old female who developed severe con...

OBJECTIVES Heart disease accounts for a significant proportion of sudden unexpected deaths among children. We describe here demographic features, pathological conditions, and the frequency of premonitory symptoms in a retrospective series of cases of sudden unexpected cardiac death (SUCD) attributable to undiagnosed structural heart disease. METHODS A chart review of autopsies involving child...

In humans, spontaneous autoimmune attack against cardiomyocytes often leads to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) and life-threatening heart failure. HLA-DQ8 transgenic IAb knockout NOD mice (NOD.DQ8/Ab(0); DQA1*0301, DQB1*0302) develop spontaneous anticardiomyocyte autoimmunity with pathology very similar to human IDCM, but why the heart is targeted is unknown. In the present study, we f...

To elucidate the change in perfusion and aerobic metabolism in myocarditis, tissue counting and dual tracer ex vivo autoradiography with Tl-201 and a free fatty acid analog, I-123- or I-125-labeled (p-iodophenyl)-methyl-pentadecanoic acid (BMIPP), were performed in rats with myocarditis induced by immunization with cardiac myosin. Inflammatory damage was classified histologically. At the acute ...

This study was performed to investigate the effect of curcumin on cardiac myosin-induced autoimmune myocarditis in rats and the change in thioredoxin (TRX) immunoreactivity in cardiomyocytes following curcumin treatment. Twenty-four six-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups of 6 rats each. Group I received neither curcumin nor myosin. Group II received an oral solution...

Evidence has accumulated that antigen-specific T cells infiltrate the heart and play an important role in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis. Costimulatory molecules such as B7s and CD40 expressed on antigen-presenting cells are known to play a critical role for antigen-specific T-cell activation to occur. To investigate the role for a costimulatory molecule, CD40, in the development of acut...

We present a case of a 35-year-old male patient with a 12-hour history of sudden-onset, crushing chest pain and associated complaints of profuse diaphoresis, nausea and vomiting. The patient was transferred to our institution from an outside hospital for evaluation and possible emergent catheterization. Left heart catheterization was conclusive for normal coronary arteries and a ventriculogram ...

The aim. To analyze current evidence about etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with COVID-19 associated myocarditis. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome is possible in including damage to the myocardium, which may last over several months worsen disease outcome. Mechanisms cardiac include direct by SARS-CoV-2, massive release cytokines, dysregulati...

The coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) is a type I transmembrane protein involved in virus uptake and the maintenance of cell-cell contacts. It is predominantly expressed in the developing brain and heart, and re-induced upon cardiac remodeling in heart disease. Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infections are frequent causes of human acute myocarditis, often resulting in chronic cardiomyopath...