Singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)) is widely believed to be the major cytotoxic agent involved in photodynamic therapy (PDT). We showed recently that measurement of the weak near infrared luminescence of (1)O(2) is possible in cells in vitro and tissues in vivo. Here, we investigated the relationship between the integrated luminescence signal and the in vitro PDT response of AML5 leukemia cells sensitize...

The present study investigated the influence of packing material characteristics on the electricity generation performance, treatment efficiency and degradation mechanism of petroleum pollutants over microbial fuel cells (MFCs) using petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW) as fuel. The granule graphite (GG) and granule-activated carbon (GAC) were used to MFCs as packing materials, respectively. GG-...

the purpose of this study is estimation of daily value at risk (var) for total index of tehran stock exchange using parametric, nonparametric and semi-parametric approaches. conditional and unconditional coverage backtesting are used for evaluating the accuracy of calculated var and also to compare the performance of mentioned approaches. in most cases, based on backtesting statistics results, ...

background: study habits and skills are very important particularly in medical school which is characterized by heavy workload, heavy time commitments, and high stakes assessments. students’ approach to learning, which includes study habits, has an important impact on both the excellence of the learning and their academic success. the aim of this study was to evaluate the study habits of shiraz...

in this paper, to account for the effect of water stresses in the various growth stages under deficitirrigation, the multiplicative, seasonal and minimal approaches are integrated in the budgetmodel. to evaluate the model, the simulated yields for winter wheat (was grown in sharif abaddistrict) under various levels of water stress were compared with observed yields. the resultshowed, simulated ...

Background: Study habits and skills are very important particularly in medical school which is characterized by heavy workload, heavy time commitments, and high stakes assessments. Students’ approach to learning, which includes study habits, has an important impact on both the excellence of the learning and their academic success. The aim of this study was to evaluate the study habits of Shiraz...

Platinum nanocubes (PtNCs) were deposited onto a fluorine-doped tin oxide glass by electrochemical deposition (ECD) method and utilized as a counter electrode (CE) for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In this study, we controlled the growth of the crystalline plane to synthesize the single-crystal PtNCs at room temperature. The morphologies and crystalline nanostructure of the ECD PtNCs were...