Quantum-dot cellular automata ~QCA! may provide a novel way to bypass the transistor paradigm to form molecular-scale computing elements. In the QCA paradigm information is represented by the charge configuration of a QCA cell. We develop a theoretical approach, based on the density matrix formalism, which permits examination of energy flow in QCA devices. Using a simple two-state model to desc...

This paper proposes a detailed design analysis of sequential circuits for quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA). This analysis encompasses flip-flop (FF) devices as well as circuits. Initially, a novel RS-type FF amenable to a QCA implementation is proposed. This FF extends a previous threshold-based configuration to QCA by taking into account the timing issues associated with the adiabatic switc...

Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) seek potential benefits over CMOS devices such as low power consumption, small dimensions, and high speed operation. Two prominent QCA concerns of wire crossing complexity and circuit robustness are addressed by developing a three-step Bilayer Logic Decomposition (BLD) methodology to design QCA-based logic circuits. The partitioning of QCA computing operation...

A novel technology the Quantum dot Cellular Automata (QCA) appears to be an alternate nano scale technology to provide the properties and functionalities of that have made CMOS successful over the past several decades. The experiment is carried out in QCA were demonstrated and realized the fundamental digital blocks. This paper introduce the designing a computationally useful and regular struct...

CMOS technology has achieved the device dimension in the nanometer range. Beyond this CMOS technology is the QCA (Quantum-dot Cellular Automata). Due to nanoscale defects may occur in this technology so in the consequences of it the faults will occur. This paper presents the defect analysis of QCA basic devices like Majority Voter (MV), inverter. The defect analysis and its effects on the outpu...

We study -length Abelian codes over Galois rings with characteristic , where and are relatively prime, having the additional structure of being closed under the following two permutations: i) permutation effected by multiplying the coordinates with a unit in the appropriate mixed-radix representation of the coordinate positions and ii) shifting the coordinates by positions. A code is -quasi-cyc...

In this article we present an extended quantum-dot cellular automaton (QCA) cell. The extension is mainly focused on the enlargement of the range of possible states of a single QCA cell. In a QCA cell the electrons, owing to electrostatic repulsion, align along one of the two diagonal configurations that correspond to their maximal spatial separation. This gives the QCA cell the ability to enco...

Among the emerging technologies recently proposed as alternatives to the classic CMOS, Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is one of the most promising solutions to design area efficient and very high speed digital circuits. As transistors decrease in size more and more of them can be accommodated in a single die, thus increasing chip computational capabilities. However, transistors cannot get ...

Quantum dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is the new possibility for the future of nano-electronic computing technology which employs the principle of quantum mechanics. This paper, contributes to the design of Memory circuits based on conservative reversible logic gates & also the design is made testable using two test vectors. The conservative logic gates dominates the classical gates in terms of t...