A fifth instance of Crohn's disease in identical twins is reported. The evidence for genetic expression of the disease is considered and the possible mechanisms involved are reviewed.

I propose a non-Humean theory of causation with “tendencies” as causal connections. Not, however, as “necessary connexions”: causes are not sufficient, they do not necessitate their effects. The theory is designed to be, not an analysis of the concept of causation, but a description of what is the case in typical cases of causation. I therefore call it a metaphysical theory of causation, as opp...

the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of music tempo on heart rate and rate of perceived exertion of male physical education students. to this purpose, 45 male physical education students (height: 172.27 cm, sd=16.22, body mass index (bmi): 22.27kg/m², sd=3.08, weight: 68/05kg, sd=11.73, age: 21.93 years, sd=1.81) were randomly divided into control, high tempo (bpm=140)...

introduction: purpose of this study was the effect of different music rhythms (fast rhythm and slow rhythm) in physiological responses of health young male after an exhaustive exercise session during primary minutes of recovery period. methods: seventeen healthy male (ages: 19.76 ± 0.97 yr, height: 176 ± 6.72 cm, weight: 68.5 ±7 5.95 kg), voluntarily performed bruce protocol until exhaustion wi...

Humans have a natural tendency to move music, which has been linked the tight coupling between auditory and motor system active role of in perception musical rhythms. High-groove music is particularly successful at inducing spontaneous movement, due engagement (motor) prediction processes. However, how listening transfers muscles even when no movement intended less known. Here we used cortico-m...

K E Y W O R D S : aesthetic awe, being moved, expression, music and emotion, recall of life-events Music, as a temporal array of auditory stimuli, clearly possesses the means to mimic the patter of feet of children at play, the sound of water bouncing off rocks in a mountain brook, and the slow motion of a profoundly sad person or a funeral procession (cf. Avison, 2003[1752]: 4; Gurney, 1966[18...

introduction: nowadays the use of music therapy for neurological disorders in developed countries is widely emphasized. despite this, there is little scientific evidence regarding the use of this method for the treatment of iranian patients with stroke. case report: since iranian patients are more familiar with persian music,this study was performed to describe the effects of listening to the p...