The interatrial septum has not been readily appreciated by M-mode echocardiography. Cross-sectional echocardiography has the capability of recording the shape and location of the interatrial septum. Real-time cross-sectional echograms using a mechanically oscillating transducer were obtained on 100 consecutive patients. Echocardiographic examination of the left atrium and aorta was obtained in ...

The objective of this study was to ascertain if incomplete correction leaving a residual uterine septum of < or = 1 cm affects fertility outcome. Reproductive outcome in 17 women with a residual septum of between 0.5 cm and 1 cm after hysteroscopic metroplasty was compared to that in 51 women with no residual septum or one of < 0.5 cm. Septal lysis was performed with microscissors or resectosco...

Myocardial fiber diameters were measured to determine their distribution throughout the ventricular wall in normal adult hearts, hypertensive hearts and hearts with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). In normal adult hearts and hypertensive hearts, the diameter decreased from the inner to the outer third of the left ventricular free wall and from the left ventricular side to the right ventricula...

Projections from the nucleus incertus (NI) to the septum have been implicated in the modulation of hippocampal theta rhythm. In this study we describe a previously uncharacterized projection from the septum to the NI, which may provide feedback modulation of the ascending circuitry. Fluorogold injections into the NI resulted in retrograde labeling in the septum that was concentrated in the hori...

Background & Aims: One of the important aims of quantitative cardiac image processing is the clarification of myocardial motions in order to derive biomechanical behavior of the heart in the disease condition. In this study we presented a computerized analysis method for detecting the instantaneous myocardial changes by using 2D echocardiography images. Methods: The analysis was performed on th...

Abstract Background Many annelids, including well-studied species such as Platynereis , show similar structured segments along their body axis (homonomous segmentation). However, numerous annelid diverge from this pattern and exhibit specialised or regions (heteronomous Recent phylogenomic studies paleontological findings suggest that a heteronomous architecture may represent an ancestral condi...

This paper is an elementary study of the normal and abnormal inter-atrial septum and an attempt to clarify the nomenclature and classification of the various kinds of septa on embryological grounds. During foetal life, the left ventricle receives almost no blood from the lungs, and must therefore get it from the vene cave via the common atrium, if it is to perform any work to help in its proper...

BACKGROUND Establishing a shunt-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) model in mice would be of great scientific value, but no such models have been reported to date. Here, we established a shunt-associated PAH in mice to investigate the characteristics of pulmonary vascular remodeling, which provides a new platform for the in-depth study of PAH associated with congenital heart disease ...

Increasingly, the interventional cardiologist is seeking to close interatrial communications by inserting devices by means of catheterisation. So as to optimise these procedures, it is advantageous to have a firm grasp of the anatomy of the normal atrial septal structures, this then providing the basis to understand the morphology of the holes which can exist between the chambers, not all of wh...

It has been found that after pulmonary valvotomy for pulmonary valvular stenosis with an intact interventricular septum a satisfactory fall in right ventricular pressure is not always achieved immediately. In order to explain this, Kirklin, Connolly, Ellis, Burchell, Edwards, and Wood (1953) concluded that before the development of open heart surgery there were two main reasons: (1) failure to ...