The Wattakaka volubilis ethanolic extract (WVEE), Wattakaka volubilis sapogenin mixture (WVSM) and drevogenins (DVG) isolated from Wattakaka volubilis (Linn.f) Stapf. were evaluated for neuropharmacological activities using spontaneous motor activity, rotarod performance, motor performance evolution and muscle relaxant test models in mice. Sapogenins seemed to be responsible for neuropharmacolo...

BACKGROUND Surgical microvascular decompression (MVD) is the curative treatment for hemifacial spasm (HFS). Monitoring MVD by recording the lateral spread response (LSR) intraoperatively can predict a successful clinical outcome. However, the rate of the LSR varies between trials, and the reason for this variation is unclear. The aim of our trial is to evaluate the rate of the LSR after intubat...

Different pharmacological effects of Achillea millefolium including its relaxant effect on smooth muscle have been shown previously. In the present study the stimulatory effect of the plant extract on β-adrenoceptor of tracheal muscle was examined in order to investigate one possible mechanism for its observed relaxant effect. Effect of three concentrations of hydroethanol extract, 10 nM propra...

OBJECTIVE To present a case of unexpected prolonged apnoea following the administration of mivacurium, a short-acting muscle relaxant and to identify the factors for early diagnosis and management. CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND INTERVENTION A 19-year-old physically fit lady without personal or family history suggestive of anaesthetic problems had an excision of fibro-adenoma from the breast. She ...

g -aminobutiric acid (gaba), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system has two major receptor subtypes (gabaa and gabab). gabab receptors are activated by the antispastic and muscle relaxant agent, baclofen, which is a lipophilic derivative of gaba. since 1962 several strategies have been reported for the synthesis of baclofen.in this study an approach has been made to...

Electroconvulsive therapy can be effective in severe or treatment resistant neuroleptic malignant syndrome patients. Anesthesia and use of muscle relaxant agents for electroconvulsive therapy in such patients may encounter anesthesiologists with specific challenges. This case report describes successful management of anesthesia in 28-year-old male patient undergoing eight electroconvulsive ther...

Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), a member of the natriuretic peptide family, plays an important role in several activities in the lung, such as bronchodilatation, pulmonary permeability and surfactant production [1]. Plasma levels of BNP are elevated in subjects with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) even inpatientswithout pulmonaryhypertensionor cor pulmonale [2]. The BNP-rel...