People with multiple sclerosis (MS) exhibit pronounced changes in brain structure, activity, and connectivity. While considerable work has begun to elucidate how these neural changes contribute to behavior, the heterogeneity of symptoms and diagnoses makes interpretation of findings and application to clinical practice challenging. In particular, whether MS related changes in brain activity or ...

Primary intraocular lymphoma is almost always a central nervous system B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Primary intraocular lymphoma is commonly diagnosed by demonstrating lymphoma cells in the vitreous or cerebrospinal fluid. An interleukin (IL) 10 to IL-6 ratio greater than 1.0 in these fluids and the detection of immunoglobulin gene rearrangement are useful adjuncts in the diagnosis of primary i...

INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer is one of the most common human diseases worldwide, and metastases are detected in approximately 20% of patients at diagnosis. Brain metastases occur in only 4% of cases, however, and usually present with hemiparesis or other motor or sensory symptoms. There have been only a few reports of parkinsonism secondary to a brain tumor-related mass effect. CASE PRESENT...

Objective Brain mapping techniques allow one to effectively approach tumors involving the primary sensory-motor cortex and nearby area (M1). Tumor resectability maintenance of patient integrity depend on ability successfully identify motor tracts during resection by choosing most appropriate neurophysiological paradigm for mapping. Mapping with a high frequency (HF) stimulation technique has em...

Abstract Glioma is the most prevalent type of primary brain tumor, and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) highest deadly central nervous system (CNS) affecting a significant number patients each year, with median overall survival approximately 14.6 months after diagnosis. Despite intensive treatment, nearly all GBM experience recurrence, 5-year rate about 5%. The protective BBB high tumor heterogene...

background : gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors of the central nervous system. among a number of different bio-molecular events, molecular connections between oxidative stress pathways and their development is prevalent. oxidative stress is the consequence of an imbalance between pro-oxidant factors and antioxidant defense. this imbalance may lead to dna damage and changes in grow...

Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain cancer in adults. Although multiple oncogenic mutations have been identified neural stem cells of subventricular zone (SVZ) humans, dynamic process how tumor initiation begins with a mutation-harboring remains elusive. To better understand GBM evolves, we analyzed longitudinal transcriptomic changes using spontaneous, s...

parathyroid adenoma involving a single parathyroid gland is the underlying cause of 80-85% of primary hyperparathyroidism (phpt). skeletal system is significantly affected by phpt. brown tumors are known to have affinity for 99mtc-mibi. we report a rare case of phpt presenting with diffuse bony pain, high calcium level and significantly elevated alkaline phosphatase level. 99mtc-pertechnetate/9...