Electronic piracy is a problem that has emerged during the last few years and has already reached global status. Several studies have been conducted trying to detect the factors that influence an individual’s decision to engage in the act of electronic piracy. We consider this problem from an ethical perspective using statistical analysis on a large sample of Greek university students. We exami...

The estimation of parameters of lagged multilevel models is considered. This type of model is used in many application areas, including psychology and education, where changes in test results over time can be modelled. Standard estimation techniques are shown to give inconsistent results for this formulation of the multilevel model. For two simple assumptions concerning the nature of the model ...

Successful performance during multimedia learning requires accurate metacognitive judgments. However, little research has investigated the influence of accurate metacognitive judgments for different representations of information (e.g., text and diagram) on performance during multimedia learning. As such, we investigated if participants’ metacognitive judgments for text and diagrams (i.e., cont...

One problem in science education is that students neither construct in-depth conceptual understanding nor are they able to apply scientific thinking processes. A myriad of studies on conceptual change have investigated the nature and process of conceptual change, pedagogical strategies to foster conceptual change and improve higher-level thinking. We propose a new framework the collaborative sc...

This study investigated the relationships among gender, gender role orientation (i.e., attitudes toward the gendered separation of roles at work and at home), and earnings. A multilevel model was conceptualized in which gender role orientation and earnings were within-individual variables that fluctuate over time (although predictors of between-individual differences in gender role orientation ...

Almost all kinds of social data have a hierarchical or clustered structure. For example, studies of inheritance deal with a natural hierarchy where offspring are grouped within families. Offspring from the same parents tend to be more alike in their physical and mental characteristics than individuals chosen at random from the population at large. For instance, children from the same family may...

This study tests the hypothesis that cross-national differences in public awareness of international affairs are attributable to differences in the supply of international news and citizens’ demand for information. Simultaneously, the authors compared the level of news coverage accorded specific “target” subjects in major Swiss and U.S. news organizations and the level of attentiveness to news ...

Dissociations between explicit and implicit memory tests, between recollective and automatic retrieval processes, and between memorial states of awareness of past events all suggest that human memory is not a unitary faculty. Memory dissociations reflect the complex relationship between consciousness and memory. To understand such a complex relationship, any single level of analysis is not enou...

The integrity of phonological representation/processing in dyslexic children was explored with a gating task in which children listened to successively longer segments (gates) of a word. At each gate, the task was to decide what the entire word was. Responses were scored for overall accuracy as well as the children’s sensitivity to coarticulation from the Wnal consonant. As a group, dyslexic ch...

In this note we look at sufficient conditions for stationarity of a simple random coefficient model and find that this model is guaranteed to be stationary under strict conditions. JEL codes: C22