OBJECTIVES To investigate practicing physicians' preferences, perceived usefulness and understanding of a new multilayered guideline presentation format-compared to a standard format-as well as conceptual understanding of trustworthy guideline concepts. DESIGN Participants attended a standardised lecture in which they were presented with a clinical scenario and randomised to view a guideline ...

Superconductivity in copper oxides arises when a parent insulator compound is doped beyond some critical concentration [1]. In the case of La2CuO4 (LCO), high-Tc superconductivity is obtained either by substituting La 3+ with Sr 2+ or by inserting interstitial O 2[2]. Latest advance of the unique capabilities of layer-by-layer oxide molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) allows controlling the structural...

Multilayered feed-forward neural networks trained with back-propagation algorithm are one of the most popular “online” artificial neural networks. These networks are showing strong inherit parallelism because of the influence of high number of simple computational elements. So it is natural to try to implement this kind of parallelism on parallel computer architecture. The Parallel Hybrid Ring ...

The microstructure and tensile response of amorphous ZrCu and nanocrystalline Cu multilayered thin films, with sharp or graded interfaces, are examined and analyzed. The extracted tensile properties of the multilayered films can be compared with the predicted values based on the iso-strain Rule of Mixture model. The multilayered films with graded interfaces, each about 50 nm thick, consistently...

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful tool for the investigation of the microstructure of materials, providing crystallographic information and composition at the nanometer scale. For such studies, samples should be transparent to the electron beam. In this review, TEM sample preparation techniques for different classes of materials, such as metals and alloys, multilayered coatin...

This work proposes a methodology for non destructive testing (NDT) of reinforced concrete structures, using superficial magnetic fields and artificial neural networks, in order to identify the size and position of steel bars, embedded into the concrete. For the purposes of this paper, magnetic induction curves were obtained by using a finite element program. Perceptron Multilayered (PML) ANNs, ...

This paper presents a design pattern for handling argument structure and offers a concrete operationalization of this pattern in Fluid Construction Grammar. Argument structure concerns the mapping between ‘participant structure’ (who did what to whom) and instances of ‘argument realization’ (the linguistic expression of participant structures). This mapping is multilayered and indirect, which p...

We have measured electron and hole multiplication factors and impact ionization coefficients in 550 A GaAs/SOO A AbX3G%,,As quantum wells with an intermediate A&,.45Ga0.55As barrier (50 and 100 %L) inserted in the well region. It is seen that while the measured value of a(E) is insensitive to the position of the intermediate barrier in the well, the value of P(E) is very sensitive. The value of...

A new analogy between optical propagation and heat diffusion in heterogeneous anisotropic media has been proposed recently by three of the present authors. A detailed derivation of this unconventional correspondence is presented and developed. In time harmonic regime, all thermal parameters are related to optical ones in artificial metallic media, thus making possible to use numerical codes dev...

An accurate estimate of thermal stresses in multilayered microelectronics structures along the bonded interfaces is crucial for design and prediction of delamination-related failures. Compared with a numerical method, analytical closed-form solution can offer a more rapid method to obtain the stresses at the interfaces. An analytical model for ply-level sub-laminate analysis is investigated in ...