The worldwide epidemic of antibiotic resistance is in danger of ending the golden age of antibiotic therapy. Resistance impacts on all areas of medicine, and is making successful empirical therapy much more difficult to achieve. Antibiotic choices are often severely restricted, and the pipeline of new antibiotics is almost dry. Resistance cannot be prevented, but its development and spread can ...

The frequency of trimethoprim resistance among Escherichia coli isolates from urine samples collected at Turku City Hospital, Turku, Finland, remained at 40% during 1984 to 1988. The proportion of highly resistant (MIC, greater than or equal to 1,024 micrograms/ml) isolates increased, however, and most of these harbored the type I dihydrofolate reductase gene. Only a few isolates possessed type...

Anticancer drugs resistance is a complex process that arises from altering in the drug targets. Advances in the DNA microarray, proteomics technology and the development of targeted therapies provide the new strategies to overcome the drug resistance. Although a design of the new chemotherapy agents is growing quickly, effective chemotherapy agent has not been discovered against the advanced st...

AIM The aim of this study was to establish drug-resistant cell lines and to elucidate mechanisms leading to multi-drug resistance in gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five cancer cell lines resistant to 5-fluorouracil, paclitaxel, oxaliplatin, irinotecan, or gemcitabine, were respectively established from a parent gastric cancer cell line, OCUM-2M, by stepwise exposure to each chemotherap...

objective: the use of antiretroviral drugs has proven remarkably effective in controlling the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) disease, but these benefits can be compromised by the development of drug resistance. this study aims to assess the drug resistance profile of the pr gene in highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart)-treated and naïve hiv-1 infected patients. metho...

objectives in this study, we explored a physical method of converting drug-resistant bacteria to drug-sensitive ones. materials and methods this is an in vitro case-control study, performed at the ionizing and non-ionizing radiation protection research center (inirprc), shiraz university of medical sciences (sums), shiraz, iran in 2014. all experiments were carried out using gram-negative bacte...

conclusions these findings underscored the importance of monitoring and developing guidelines for better management of infectious diarrhoea in bangladesh and elsewhere. background diarrhoea is considered as the most widespread illness occurring in bangladesh. in addition, the growing antimicrobial resistance of diarrhoeal pathogens in this developing country hardens physicians to supervise pati...

Various culture-based methodologies are used in assessment of antibiotic resistance in samples collected in agroecosystems. Culture-based methods commonly involve isolating target bacteria on general or selective media and assessing growth in response to specific concentrations of antibiotics. The advantages of culture-based methods are multifold. In particular, isolation of bacteria is key to ...

Vancomycin resistance has been reported in clinical isolates of both coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus. The emerging threat of widespread vancomycin resistance poses a serious public health concern given the fact that vancomycin has long been the preferred treatment of antibiotic-resistant gram-positive organisms. Though major efforts are now being focused on improving ...