Water and sanitation services for the very poor remain grossly deficient over large areas of the globe, and financing water and sanitation improvements for these people remains a major challenge. This paper proposes six Key Solutions to overcome this challenge. We urge financing institutions, governments and service providers worldwide to put these Key Solutions into practice: 1) Use life-cycle...

In the past decade, state-specific increases in the number of reported cases of coccidioidomycosis have been observed in areas of California and Arizona where the disease is endemic. Although most coccidioidomycosis is asymptomatic or mild, infection can lead to severe pulmonary or disseminated disease requiring hospitalization and costly disease management. To determine the epidemiology of cas...

Salinity and drainage management options include source control, reuse, and evaporation ponds. This article identifies efficient strategies to maintain hydrologic balance in closed drainage basins and evaluates their impact on regional agricultural profits. Theoretical analysis suggests that economic efficiency requires acknowledgment of the nonseparability between water use and land value. Emp...

OBJECTIVE To examine the prevalence of hospitalized myasthenia gravis (MG), and to determine the factors associated with poor outcomes of hospitalized MG patients at a national level. METHODS This study was based on a retrospective design. We collected data of hospitalized MG adults recorded by the National Health Security Office, Bangkok, Thailand between October 2009 and September 2010. Cli...

We discuss the problem of finding an upper bound for the number of equilibrium points of a potential of several fixed point charges in Rn. This question goes back to J. C. Maxwell and M. Morse. Using fewnomial theory we show that for a given number of charges there exists an upper bound independent of the dimension, and show it to be at most 12 for three charges. We conjecture an exact upper bo...

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NAR's full open access initiative is now in its fourth year. There is no question that during this period the greatest challenge has been to set author charges that are within the reach of authors' hard-won funding, yet financially sustainable for the journal. This is a continued topic of discussion for NAR's editors and publishers. We are certainly aware that NAR authors have other choices whe...