We present a method for the stylization of mountainous terrains that allows creating abstract representations in different rendering styles. Our method consists of two major components: structure-aware terrain filtering and streamline-based hatching. For a given input terrain we compute different Levels-of-Detail (LoD) according to a crest line oriented importance measure and then filter each L...

one of the main objectives of ecosystem management is to preserve the speciesdiversity. many researchers regard higher species diversity as the stability of ecologicalsystems. the aim of this study is to investigate the stability and relationships betweentopographical factors with diversity indices in ghorkhud mountainous rangeland innorthern khorasan province, iran. for data sampling (2012), l...

Abstract We assessed perceptions of Leucosidea sericea , a woody plant that is increasing in density such it may threaten rangelands among agro-pastoralists whose livelihoods rely on livestock (56%) and crop farming (36%) Vuvu, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Using semi-structured questionnaires, we asked 198 respondents about the spread species last few decades, its impact availability graze for l...

When driving on mountain roads, the drivers bear dynamic load from road environment. The sudden change of will produce great safety risks and even lead to traffic accidents. In order explore risk two-lane in mountainous areas, it is necessary analyze a quantitative point view. Using experiment, 10 male were selected according experimental conditions, collect driver's visual heart rate indicator...

This paper presents a livelihood vulnerability assessment and compares the levels of exposure, sensitivity adaptation to climate change local populations in mountains area coastal plains Tunisian arid regions. The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change index (LVI-IPCC) has been adapted applied assess this vulnerability, based socio-economic surveys semi-structured interviews w...

Motivated by a classical result concerning the ε-subdifferential of the sum of two proper, convex and lower semicontinuous functions, we give in this paper a similar result for the enlargement of the sum of two maximal monotone operators defined on a Banach space. This is done by establishing a necessary and sufficient condition for a bivariate inf-convolution formula.

The concept of upper and lower semicontinuity of fuzzy mappings introduced by Bao and Wu [Y.E. Bao, C.X. Wu, Convexity and semicontinuity of fuzzy mappings, Comput. Math. Appl., 51 (2006) 1809–1816] is redefined by using the concept of parameterized triples of fuzzy numbers. On the basis of the linear ordering of fuzzy numbers proposed by Goetschel and Voxman [R. Goetschel, W. Voxman, Elementar...

The use of large amounts of distributed and heterogeneous information has become extremely cumbersome; this difficulty is mainly related to exploring the data, rather than actually storing or exchanging it. The user who is interested in small bits of information is getting more and more confused when having to dig under a large volume of diverse and more importantly semi-structured data. In thi...