Limited availability of freshwater and increasing demand for food require careful management of available resources. However, information on water utilization within river basins is often inadequate for comprehensive water management. Therefore, researchers are developing new tools and methodologies to overcome these data problems. A major concern for land use planning is the identification of ...

Elevated forest mortality has been attributed to climate change-induced droughts, but prediction of spatial mortality patterns remains challenging. We evaluated whether introducing plant hydraulics and topographic convergence-induced soil moisture variation to land surface models (LSM) can help explain spatial patterns of mortality. A scheme predicting plant hydraulic safety loss from soil mois...

We present a conceptual model linking dry-mass allocational allometry, hydraulic limitation, and vertical stratification of environmental conditions to patterns in vertical tree growth and tree height. Maximum tree height should increase with relative moisture supply and both should drive variation in apparent stomatal limitation. Carbon isotope discrimination (D) should not vary with maximum t...

the physical properties of the municipal solid waste (msw) in kahrizak landfill (tehran, iran) and its changes due to aging were investigated in this research. a study of the components of the fresh msw in this landfill showed that more than 60% of it was made from the wastes of foods, fruits, vegetables and organic materials. next to that, paper/cardboard and plastics, with contributions of 14...

8 Abstract 9 This paper focuses on different methods for estimating soil moisture in a Sahelian environment by comparing ENVISAT/ASAR and ground data 10 at the same spatial scale. The analysis is restricted to Wide Swath data in order to take advantage of their high temporal repetitivity (about 3–4 days) 11 corresponding to a moderate spatial resolution (150 m). On the one hand, emphasis is put...

Laminated veneer products consist of veneers bonded together with adhesive into a predetermined shape. Since wood is a hygroscopic material and also anisotropic by nature, laminated veneer products are especially shape-sensitive to changes in moisture content. A deviation from the intended shape is a problem for both the manufacturers and users of the final products and annually such deviations...

To better understand the effects of biological soil crusts (BSCs) on soil moisture and wind erosion and study the necessity and feasibility of disturbance of BSCs in the Mu Us sandland, the effects of four treatments, including moss-dominated crusts alone, Artemisia ordosica alone, bare sand, and Artemisia ordosica combined with moss-dominated crusts, on rainwater infiltration, soil moisture, a...

Biomass, mainly in the form of wood, is the oldest form of energy used by humans. Gasification is a process of conversion of solid carbonaceous fuel into combustible gas by partial combustion. In the present study, a model developed by us in our earlier study is used for predicting the steady-state composition and rate of reaction profiles for the reduction zone of the downdraft biomass gasifie...

UNLABELLED The public health risk and economic impact of dampness and mold exposures was assessed using current asthma as a health endpoint. Individual risk of current asthma from exposure to dampness and mold in homes from W.J. Fisk, Q. Lei-Gomez & M.J. Mendell [(2007) Indoor Air, [corrected] 17, 284-296], and [corrected] asthma risks calculated from additional studies that reported the preval...

An outdoor crop-bed was prepared to observe scatterometer response in the angular range of 20◦ to 70◦ at VVand HHpolarization. The soil moisture and crop variables like plant height, leaf area index and biomass of crop ladyfinger were measured at different growth stages of the crop ladyfinger. Temporal variation in scattering coefficient was found highly dependent on crop variables and observed...