Background: Expansion and differentiation of stem cells relies on the soluble materials as well as the physical conditions of their microenvironment. Several methods have been studied in attempt to enhance the growth and differentiation rates of different adult stem cells extracted from different sources. Objectives: The purpose was to improve the three-dimensional (3D) culture condition of th...

Holding the government accountable is a crucial function of elections. The extent to which voters can actually do so depends on political system. One element that may influence likelihood hold difference between wholesale and partial alternation. Prominent scientists like Mair, Bergman Strøm Pellegata Quaranta propose in countries with alternation are better able governments because essence hav...

The term 'trauma' was originally used only to describe physical trauma, later human sufferings at the mental and psychological levels for medical, psychological, literary other studies. Toni Morrison as an African-American writer focused on blood tears history of African Americans. Her beloved book Sula described a story who grew up in "bottom" community, being attacked by racial gender discrim...

ion is an upward movement and is usually called Reverse Engineering. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers standard [IEEE 1993] defines it as: the process of extracting software system information (including documentation) from source code. Typically, it means going from source code to specifications. It does not change the system, but allows one to view the system at different ...

As a step in our efforts toward the study of real-time monitoring of the inferential process in reasoning systems, we have devised a method of representing knowledge for the purpose of default reasoning. A meta-level implementation that permits effective monitoring of the deductive process as it proceeds, providing information on the state of the answer procurement process, has been developed o...

In this paper we argue that self-modifying code can become a better strategy for realizing long-lived autonomous software systems than static code, regardless how well it was validated and tested. We base our discussion on three facets – self-repairing software, adaptive software and networked systems – for which we point out ongoing and related work before presenting a roadmap towards a contro...