As childhood tuberculosis (TB) reflects recent transmission, its burden provides an accurate measure of the level of TB control achieved in a particular community. Moreover, infected children represent the main reservoir of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) as potential future cases. However, childhood TB is neglected by scientists, policy makers, healthcare professionals and product developers ...

the article includes two discourses: first discourse, discusses about modernity and two of its main foundations; rationalism and humanism, and then explanes their impacts on the formation of the modern world, society and human being. second discourse, considers the postmodern critical approach to modernity and its principles. postmodernism, totally rejects the modern reason and deconstructs all...

Iodine has long been known as an essential element for humans, and for mammals in general, where it is concentrated in the thyroid gland, being a vital component of the thyroid hormone thyroxine. Deprivation of iodine results in a series of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD), the most commonly recognized of which is endemic goiter, a condition where the thyroid gland becomes enlarged in an attem...

The co-Editors-in-Chief of Environmental Health respond to an unusual initiative taken by editors of 14 toxicology journals to influence pending decisions by the European Commission to establish a framework for regulating chemicals that pose a hazard to normal function of the endocrine system. This initiative is also the subject of this Commentary in this journal by authors who recently reviewe...

a non-profit, non-partisan think tank that focuses on the economics of innovation, technological change, and related regulation in the United States and around the world. I appreciate the opportunity to testify before you today on privacy and data security. These issues are critically important for innovation in the digital economy, which relies on the flow of large amounts of information. I wo...

AARON GRAHAM The Historical Journal / Volume 56 / Issue 01 / March 2013, pp 279 ­ 295 DOI: 10.1017/S0018246X1200043X, Published online: 01 February 2013 Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0018246X1200043X How to cite this article: AARON GRAHAM (2013). MERCANTILE NETWORKS IN THE EARLY MODERN WORLD. The Historical Journal, 56, pp 279­295 doi:10.1017/S0018246X1200043X Re...

I report on tiny skeletons of stem-group hummingbirds from the early Oligocene of Germany that are of essentially modern appearance and exhibit morphological specializations toward nectarivory and hovering flight. These are the oldest fossils of modern-type hummingbirds, which had not previously been reported from the Old World. The findings demonstrate that early hummingbird evolution was not ...

China has attained new importance in world history. Recent textbooks now regularly include a historian who specializes in China. [1] Asia's spectacular economic growth in the past two decades,.and awareness of China's huge global demographic and economic weight have gained her new recognition. Consequently, specialists now need to push beyond their focused research to address broader questions ...