Previous studies have shown that social comparison influences individual's fairness consideration and other-regarding behavior. However, it is not clear how social comparison affects the brain activity in evaluating fairness during asset distribution. In this study, participants, acting as recipients in the ultimatum game, were informed not only of offers to themselves but also of the average a...

A century has passed since Bragg solved the first atomic structure using diffraction. As with this first structure, all atomic structures to date have been deduced from the measurement of many diffracted intensities using iterative and statistical methods. We show that centrosymmetric atomic structures can be determined without the need to measure or even record a diffracted intensity. Instead,...

Stereotypicality and attitudinal similarity are variables broadly studied in the research about leader's acceptance and evaluation. However, the interaction between these variables has not been deeply studied. An experimental research in which we analyze the influence of both variables and their interaction on leaders' evaluation is presented. A 3 x 3 (attitudinal similarity [none, moderate, hi...

An analytical model of the scattering structure factor for an assembly of noninteracting hard disks has recently appeared in the literature [Phys. Rev. A 42, 5978-5989 (1990)]. We employ this model to calculate correlated light scattering by monodispersions and binary mixtures of condensation droplets on a window pane. We find that an area fraction of ƒ ≥ 0.6 is required for producing the near-...

A field experiment was conducted to test the self-perception explanation of the "foot-in-the-door" phenomenon of increased compliance with a substantial request after prior compliance with a smaller demand. In this study, some subjects were first approached with a small request (answer 8 questions in a telephone survey) the size of which was virtually certain to guarantee compliance. Other sub...

is the same as diffusion-limited deposition. We find that the dynamical surface width W of the depositions from moderately biased RWs (b ≥ 0.6) on a substrate of size L in the dimensionality d = 1 + 1 is well described by W 2 = W 2 i + L f(t/L), where W 2 i is the intrinsic surface width which was also found in Eden growth. It is also found that the Wi tends to increase as b decreases and the e...

When children hear an object referred to with a label that is moderately discrepant from its appearance, they frequently make inferences about that object consistent with the label rather than its appearance. We asked whether 3-year-olds actually believe these unexpected labels (i.e., conversion) or whether their inferences simply reflect a desire to comply with the considerable experimental de...

The network control problem has recently attracted an increasing amount of attention, owing to concerns including the avoidance of cascading failures of power-grids and the management of ecological networks. It has been proven that numerical control can be achieved if the number of control inputs exceeds a certain transition point. In the present study, we investigate the effect of degree corre...

BACKGROUND Many definitions of frailty exist, but few have been directly compared. We compared the relationship between a definition of frailty based on a specific phenotype with one based on an index of deficit accumulation. METHODS The data come from all 2305 people 70 years old and older who composed the clinical examination cohort of the second wave of the Canadian Study of Health and Agi...

Editor—There are several flaws in Gales paper on testing non-technical skills for recruitment of anaesthesia trainees, most of which have been recognized in a similar work in industry and are acknowledged by the authors. 1 The most fundamental problem with their methodology is 'restriction in range'. The authors tested 224 candidates, appointed 68 and rejected 156. They followed up the 68 selec...