Qualitative reasoning uses incomplete kmiowlcdge to coni— pute a description of the possible behaviors for dynamic systems. For complex systems containing a large number of variables and constraints, t.he simulation frequently is inti-actable or results in a large, incomprehensible behavioral description. Abstraction and aggm-egation techniques are reqiied during the simulation to eliminate irr...

Salmonid embryos depend on the adequate flow of oxygenated water to survive and interstitial passageways to emerge from the gravel bed. Spawning gravels are initially cleaned by the spawning female, but sediment transported during subsequent high-runoff events can nfiltrate the porous substrate. In many gravel-bed channels used for spawning, most of the infiltrating sediment consists of sand an...

high efficiency and uniformity of water and fertilizer application are usually, considered as the ultimate goals of an appropriate design and management of irrigation and fertigation systems. the objective followed in this paper was to present a simulation-optimization model for alternate vs. conventional furrow fertigation. two simulation models (surface fertigation and swms-2d models) along w...

In the present study, a model of a large Lithium Polymer (Li-Po) battery for use in the simulation of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) is developed. To attain this goal, an Equivalent Circuit (EC) consisting of a series resistor and two RC parallel networks is considered. The accuracy and the response time of the model for use in an HEV simulator are studied. The battery parameters identifica...

We present a practical simulation program for rigid part mechanisms, such as feeders, locks, and brakes. The program performs a kinematic simulation of the behavior produced by part contacts and input motions along with a dynamical simulation of the behavior produced by gravity, springs, and friction. It describes the behavior in a compact, symbolic format and with a realistic, three-dimensiona...

since the analysis of complex services systems by using mathematical modeling techniques, with considering the random patterns prevailing in them, is so difficult or probably impossible, improvement guidelines are often followed based on the experts' experiences using qualitative methods. in the present paper, by employing a discrete event computer simulation methodology, criminal trial sy...

one of known methods for measuring, forecasting and managing risk is value at risk, which recently has been used by financial institutions extensively. value at risk (var) is a method for recognizing and evaluating risk and uses standard statistical techniques that have daily using in other contexts. this research is seeking a career for managing investment risk in stock exchange and selection ...

in this research, first, kinematic and dynamic equations of a 4-dof 3-link robotic finger are derived using denavit-hartenberg convention and lagrange’s formulation. to model the muscles, several springs and dampers are placed between the finger links. then, two advanced controllers, namely adaptive-robust and adaptive-neural, which can control the robotic finger in presence of parametric uncer...

Heavy metal pollution dispersion simulation in rivers and predicting spatial and temporal variations of pollutants can be used to determine the precise place and to schedule water withdrawal time for drinking, agriculture, aquaculture and ecosystem studies. To study the movement of heavy metal pollution through Karoon flow model, MIKE 11 was employed fpr simulation of the flow model of Karoon R...