background: the method of evaluation in students’ learning affects their studying mode. the aim of this study was to compare nursing students’ scores in essay and multiple-choice questions in mother and child health examination in shahrekord university of medical sciences. methods: in this study, the  final scores of 121 of nursing students in a multiple-choice questionnaire consisting of 40 qu...

In contrast to the classical discrete choice experiment, the respondent in a rank-order discrete choice experiment, is asked to rank a number of alternatives instead of the preferred one. In this paper, we study the information matrix of a rank order nested multinomial logit model (RO.NMNL) and introduce local D-optimality criterion, then we obtain Locally D-optimal design for RO.NMNL models in...

Web-based system-to-human integration and direct system-to-system integration are alternative information technologies for supply chain management. Although the system-to-system mode is known to be more effective than the Web-based mode for data sharing, the web-based mode is dominant in the supply chain of Chinese firms. Is it a suboptimal or the most appropriate choice? We develop an analytic...

Mode choice behaviour is often modelled by discrete models, in which the utility of each mode characterized mode-specific parameters reflecting how strongly that depends on attributes such as travel speed and cost, a constant value. For new modes, function models are not known difficult to estimate basis stated preferences data/choice experiments cannot be estimated revealed preference data. Th...

As pressure mounts on countries to reduce carbon emissions, there is increasing interest in understanding what drives “carbon behaviours”, in order to inform behavioural change policies. This study examined the impact of psychological and demographic variables, on “carbon behaviours”. Secondary data analysis was carried out to investigate the antecedents of residential energy use reduction beha...