The effect of hand proximity on vision and visual attention has been well documented. In this study we tested whether such effect(s) would also be present in the auditory modality. With hands placed either near or away from the audio sources, participants performed an auditory-spatial discrimination (Experiment 1: left or right side), pitch discrimination (Experiment 2: high, med, or low tone),...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Atheroembolic renal disease (AERD) can require dialytic support. Because anticoagulation may trigger atheroembolization, peritoneal dialysis may be preferred to hemodialysis. However, the effect of dialysis modality on renal and patient outcomes in AERD is unknown. DESIGN, SETTINGS, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS A subcohort of 111 subjects who developed acute/subacute...

Objective The aims of the present study were to determine the normal values of TPD in the six trigeminal sites (the forehead, cheek, mentum, upper lip, lower lip, and the tongue tip) and to investigate the effect of the site, sex, and test modality on the TPD perception. Material and Methods Forty healthy volunteers consisting of age-matched men (20) and women (20) with a mean age of 27.1 yea...

Although it has been well documented that the spatial inhibitory effect induced by repetition of location (i.e., spatial inhibition of return, or IOR) occurs cross-modally, we do not yet know whether nonspatial (e.g., color-based) repetition-induced inhibition occurs in a cross-modal fashion as well. In the present study, a novel cross-modal paradigm with regard to color-based repetition was ad...

The  present  meta-analysis  was  conducted  to  provide  a  quantitative  measure  of  the overall effects of task complexity on Chinese EFL learners’ language  production.  Based  on  the strict inclusion criteria, 12 primary  studies  were synthesized according to key  features.  Eleven of them  were  meta-analyzed  to  investigate  effects  of  raising  the  resource-directing  task  comple...

This paper aims at investigating the acquisition of English modality among Arab learners of English as a foreign language. Specifically, the study limits itself to the perception of modal verbs as a means of expressing modality. The productive use of modal verbs were analyzed by examining written texts made by 26 fourth-year students majoring in Applied English at the University of Jordan. More...

OBJECTIVE We examined the effect of interruption modality (visual or auditory) on primary task (visual) resumption to determine which modality was the least disruptive. BACKGROUND Theories examining interruption modality have focused on specific periods of the interruption timeline. Preemption theory has focused on the switch from the primary task to the interrupting task. Multiple resource t...

Cetuximab (Erbitux) has been highlighted for its anti-proliferative effects in solid tumors and it is currently used as an adjuvant modality with other anti-cancer treatments. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is used widely in many specialties of medicine. This study evaluated the efficacy of a combination treatment of two modalities (Cetuximab, PDT) both in vivo and in vitro. The SNU-1041 cell line ...