urban design is a multidisciplinary field, consisting of both science and art. the physical aspect together with the non-physical aspects related to human – like meaning and function – along with the presence of human beings, make a successful and dynamic place to be used by people in a good way. undoubtedly, culture as a response of a society to its requirements and a means to ensure the quali...

sociomusicology (sociology of music) as a branch of art sociology aims at identifying the relationships between music and social structures. the main question faced by the sociologists of music is how the conditions of a given social system affect the dominant music style of a culture or the subculture of a group and how the public tendencies for a specific music style affect a social system an...

patients and methods this blinded clinical trial was performed on 60 patients admitted to icu following cabg. patients intubated and those under mechanical ventilation were unable to report their pain. the study population was randomly divided into two groups of control and music intervention groups (preferred music listening). in the intervention group, preferred music (including classical, in...

music is a social phenomenon that is in conjunction with many aspects of human beings’ life today. in recent years, some forms of music have become widespread that are not from indigenous origins. indeed, these are new forms that challenge iranian cultural values. meanwhile, youth are the main consumers of these forms of music. because many of youth who are heavy consumers of music are living i...

We investigated the role of culture in processing hierarchical syntactic structures in music. We examined whether violation of non-local dependencies manifest in event related potentials (ERP) for Western and Iranian excerpts by recording EEG while participants passively listened to sequences of modified/original excerpts. We also investigated oscillatory and synchronization properties of brain...

OBJECTIVE Nowadays music is used to decrease pain and increase relaxation in clinical settings. It is hypothesized that music can affect women more easily than men. We assessed the effect of two types of music (Iranian folkloric and preferred music) on pain tolerance and pain rating in cold pressor test. METHODOLOGY A consecutive sample of 50 healthy Iranian medical students was enrolled. The...