Certain fundamental principles are common to all distilling systems. Modern distillation systems are multi-stage, continuous, countercurrent, vapor-liquid contacting systems that operate within the physical laws that state that different materials boil at different temperatures. Represented in Figure 1 is a typical distillation tower that could be employed to separate an ideal mixture. Such a s...

Primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the most common urological anomaly in children and has been reported in 30 to 50% of those who present with urinary tract infection (UTI). The association of VUR, UTI and renal parenchymal damage is well known. Reflux nephropathy is the cause of endstage renal failure in 3–25% of children and 10–15% of adults. There has been no consensus regarding when med...

In this work the distillation column sequencing problem is addressed through the Generalized Modular Framework, based on formal superstructure optimization techniques. The proposed method overcomes structural complexities through the use of systematically composed structural models incorporating all the feasible sequencing alternatives. The generated sequences are evaluated with respect to thei...

Methyl propionate, also known as methyl propanoate, is a clear colourless liquid with a characteristic odour (fruity smell and taste). In this study, the formation of methyl propionate through the esterification of propionic acid and methanol was investigated in the reactive distillation system using a conventional (CBD), single feed (SF-SBD), and double feed semi-batch distillation (DF-SBD) co...

Mathematical analysis and simulation of a discontinuous rectification column was performed using an operational strategy during the start-up before reaching pseudo-stable state in operation. The mathematical model formulated focusing on equilibrium (ES) implementing MESH equations (M: Mass balance, E: Equilibrium thermodynamics, S: Stoichiometry relations, H: Enthalpy or heat balance) to provid...

Hybrid separation systems have recently been hailed as one of the inost promising alternatives to conventional capital and energy intensive separation processes. Hybrid separation systems are able to effectively separate inixtures commonly encountered in the fine chemical and pharmaceutical industries that are difficult or impossible to separate by conventional distillation processes due to aze...

When a quantum cryptographic system operates in the presence of background noise, security of the key can be recovered by a procedure called key distillation. A key-distillation scheme effective against so-called individual (bitwise-independent) eavesdropping attacks involves sacrifice of some of the data through privacy amplification. We derive the amount of data sacrifice sufficient to defend...

Distillation columns have been widely used in chemical plants for separation process. The high nonlinearity and dynamic behavior of the column make them hard to control. Internal Model Control (IMC) is one of the model based control strategy that have become the central of research to control such column. This paper will review the implementation of IMC in controlling continuous distillation co...

The article provides a schematic diagram and the principle of operation modernized steam-power cycle, in which condensation process steam spent after turbine is replaced by absorption process, as well principal circuit transformer, similar processes occur taken basis development circuit-cycle solution cycle. In order to develop optimized solutions carries out thermodynamic analysis various cycl...

The equation of state Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) and its modification (predictive SRK or PSRK) are applied to simulate multicomponet distillation, which separate main component of spearmint essential oil. The simulation model is based on bubble point method, and the Wang-Henke algorithm. Spearmint essential oil is considered in the study and the original experimental data were obtained f...