introduction: transportation is an important iatrogenic endodontic error which might cause failure. this study evaluated the canal transportation caused by neoniti and protaper instruments, using cone-beam computed tomography (cbct) cross sections. methods and materials: this in vitro experimental study was performed on 40 mesiobuccal roots of maxillary first molars. the teeth were scanned with...

to determine the most important traits affecting root yield and sugar content in monogerm germplasm of sugar beet, 75 monogerm f1 hybrids were evaluated in three separate experments conducted in randomized complete block desing (rcb) with four replications at abdo–al–rasoul research farm, karaj in 2004. root yield, root length, root diameter, crown height, crown diameter, sugar content, α–amino...

The timing of fine root production and turnover strongly influences both the seasonal potential for soil resource acquisition among competing root systems and the plant fluxes of root carbon into soil pools. However, basic patterns and variability in the rates and timing or fine root production and turnover are generally unknown among perennial plants species. We address this shortfall using a ...

Root system traits are important in view of current challenges such as sustainable crop production with reduced fertilizer input or in resource-limited environments. We present a novel approach for recovering root architectural parameters based on image-analysis techniques. It is based on a graph representation of the segmented and skeletonized image of the root system, where individual roots a...

Half-root tests were established to examine the association between Heterodera glycines and the blue strain of Fusarium solani, the causal agent of sudden death syndrome (SDS) of soybean. Two independent root systems were established for soybean 'Coker 156' and inoculated (half root/half root) with F. solani, H. glycines, both organisms on opposite root halves, both organisms on one root half, ...

Lateral root formation is an important determinant of root system architecture. In Arabidopsis, lateral roots originate from pericycle cells, which undergo a program of morphogenesis to generate a new lateral root meristem. Despite its importance for root meristem organization, the onset of quiescent center (QC) formation during lateral root morphogenesis remains unclear. Here, we used live 3D ...

Root hairs are an excellent model system to study cell developmental processes as they are easily accessible, single-celled, long tubular extensions of root epidermal cells. In a genetic approach to identify loci important for root hair development, we have isolated eight der (deformed root hairs) mutants from an ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized Arabidopsis population. The der lines repr...

The ability of roots to penetrate hard soil is important for crop productivity but specific root phenes contributing to this ability are poorly understood. Root penetrability and biomechanical properties are likely to vary in the root system dependent on anatomical structure. No information is available to date on the influence of root anatomical phenes on root penetrability and biomechanics. R...

In order to quantitatively analyze plant root growth and construct plant root growth model, a root system representation model based on tree-form data structure is proposed in this paper. After processing and analyzing root image, the information of root, such as length, diameter, number of child root, position of child root, angle of child root etc., is stored in a node of this treeform data s...

Grafting watermelon onto bottle gourd rootstock is commonly used method to generate resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (FON), but knowledge of the effect of the root exudates of grafted watermelon on this soil-borne pathogen in rhizosphere remains limited. To investigate the root exudate profiles of the own-root bottle gourd, grafted-root watermelon and own-root watermelon, recircul...