The oblique parasagittal diameter of the lumbar spinal canal at the L5-S I level was measured in 49 employees of the Wm Jennings Bryan Dorn Veterans' Hospital using real time ultrasound in a case-control study. Individuals with a canal diameter of less than 14 mm represented the lowest 10th percentile in this population and being in the narrowest 10th percentile constituted a risk factor for ti...

Morphological variations like additional roots and root canals in human deciduous dentition are rare. Knowledge of the morphology, variation of root and root canals of deciduous teeth are useful for successful endodontic treatment and exodontia. Presented here is a case report of the supernumerary roots and additional root canals of deciduous mandibular second molar (85) with congenitally bilat...

The objective of this case report is to help clinicians identify bifid mandibular canals on panoramic radiographs and subsequently use the information in the modification of dental treatment planning. A 45-year old man was referred to the service of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology. Routine panoramic radiography, suggested the presence of bilateral bifid mandibular canals (BMC). Mandibular computed...

Successful root canal treatment requires adequate knowledge regarding morphologic variations in root canal system of teeth. This report describes a six-canalled mandibular first molar with four mesial root canals requiring endodontic retreatment. The two additional canals in the mesial root were found during retreatment with the aid of illumination and magnification. In conclusion, the possibil...

Mandibular molars demonstrate considerable variations with respect to number of roots and root canals. The possibility of additional root canals should be considered even in teeth with a low frequency of abnormal root canal anatomy. This paper discusses the endodontic management of the rare anatomical complexity middle mesial canals in mandibular first molar and also serves to remind the clinic...

Mandibular premolars often show aberrant anatomy varying from one to three canals. The incidence of occurrence of 3 canals has been recorded to be 0.46 - 0.5 %. We report a case of mandibular second premolar with 3 canals, which was initially diagnosed radiographically by shift cone technique and confirmed by clinical examination. The tooth was successfully obturated and restored. It remained a...

The endodontic treatment of a mandibular molar with aberrant canal configuration can be diagnostically and clinically challenging. This case report presents the treatment of a mandibular first molar with seven root canals, of which four canals were located in the mesial root and three in distal root. This case presents a rare anatomic configuration and points to the importance of expecting and ...

A case report is presented regarding a maxillary first molar with 5 canals. The morphology is atypical because it is characterized by a single palatal root with 2 canals with separate orifices joining in the apical third. A literature review pertaining to the morphology of maxillary first molars is discussed. Modifications to the normal access opening and examination of the pulpal floor for add...

Background: The main objective of nursing is to provide comprehensive nursing care that is appropriate to patients’ needs. However, the incidence of missed nursing care compromises the provision of comprehensive and safe care and threatens patients’ lives. Thus, this in-depth qualitative study aimed to explore nurses’ experiences of missed care and factors affecting it. The aim of this study wa...