anatomy: middle cranial fossa mainly floored by sphenoidal bone and located post. to innominate bone or lesser wing and ant. to temporal bone. main foramens are located in deep part, bilateral to sellae are orbital fissures, optic canals, foramen rotundom, ovale and spinosum, foramen lacerum also meckle cave or trigeminal impression and carotid canal. this fossa is like a butterfly in shape. le...

BACKGROUND Studies have shown that mini-αA can protect retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells from apoptosis. However, no in vivo study concerning the anti-apoptotic function of mini-αA has been conducted yet. METHODS MTT assay, HE staining and TUNEL assay were used to assess levels of cells, and an animal model was established to examine the protective effects of mini-αA against NaIO3-induce...

PURPOSE Small-animal studies require images with high spatial resolution and high contrast due to the small scale of the structures. X-ray imaging systems for small animals are often limited by the microfocus source. Here, the authors investigate the applicability of liquid-metal-jet x-ray sources for such high-resolution small-animal imaging, both in tomography based on absorption and in soft-...

Introduction: The multipurpose nanocomposites have gained growing biomedical attention as promising nanotheranostics to improve The effectiveness of cancer treatment, which concurrently combine advantages of the therapeutic and diagnostic techniques into one nanosystem. The “all-in on” probes not only help to ablate cancerous tumors, but also allow to optimize and monitoring of...

Introduction: The application of 3D volumetric imaging modalities in treatment planning of radiation therapy can provide more precisely define tumor localization, and computed tomography (CT) is the most common accepted method for treatment planning. Given the lack of a CT scanner stationed in all radiotherapy departments and equipping most of the medical linear accelerators wi...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of real-time computed tomographic (CT) imaging to guide the percutaneous placement of left ventricular (LV) leads in an animal model. BACKGROUND Cardiac resynchronization therapy has been shown to improve morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. However, placement of the coronary sinus lead can be challengin...

The current status and challenges of small animal non-invasive imaging is briefly reviewed. The advantages of non-invasive studies on living animals versus post-mortem studies are evaluated. An argument is advanced that even in post-mortem situations, non-invasive imaging may play an important role in efficiently characterizing small animal phenotypes as well as pathology. Issues of data interp...

this paper intends to compare the abilities of the two major imaging modalities in nuclear medicine imaging: positron emission tomography (pet) and single photon emission computed tomography (spect). the motivations are many-fold: (i) to gain a better understanding of the strengths and limitations of the two imaging modalities in the context of recent and ongoing developments in hardware and so...

This work reports on the development and performance evaluation of the VrPET/CT, a new multimodality scanner with coplanar geometry for in vivo rodent imaging. The scanner design is based on a partial-ring PET system and a small-animal CT assembled on a rotatory gantry without axial displacement between the geometric centers of both fields of view (FOV). We report on the PET system performance ...