Abstract We present a new probe of purely gravitationally coupled sectors with large anisotropies. These anisotropies are damped via gravitational interactions the baryon-photon fluid, which is heated up in process. The injected heat causes measurable distortions cosmic microwave background spectrum. give analytic estimates for size and outline how to calculate them from first principles. metho...

We investigate the non-gravitational heating of hot gas in clusters of galaxies (intracluster medium; ICM) on the assumption that the gas is heated well before cluster formation (’preheating’). We examine the jet activities of radio galaxies as the sources of excess energy in ICM, and the deformation of the cosmic microwave background (the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect) by hot electrons produced at...

The effect of different muffling environments on the structure and dielectric losses of Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 (BZN) microwave ceramics was investigated. The microwave dielectric losses of stoichiometric BZN pellets heated in ZnO-rich environments were severely degraded (e.g. Q×f~15 000 in ZnO powder) compared with samples muffled in their own powder (Q×f~80 000). Structure analyses and gravimetric m...

Polyol-containing confectionery offers considerable advantages over traditional sucrose-based confectionery in terms of reduced energy content and reduced cariogenicity. However, over-consumption of polyol confectionery may lead to gastrointestinal symptoms in some individuals. Rather than consider this as a distinct disadvantage to the consumer, this article discusses how careful consideration...

The purification of functional proteins is a critical pre-requisite for many experimental assays. Immunoaffinity chromatography, one of the fastest and most efficient purification procedures available, is often limited by elution conditions that disrupt structure and destroy enzymatic activity. To address this limitation, we developed polyol-responsive antibody mimetics, termed nanoCLAMPs, base...

Microwave ovens are frequently used in domestic situations for the heating of chilled foodstuffs which are generally approximately 80% by weight water. Rapid, internal heating are some of the key benefits over conventional ovens. The food industry utilises these attributes in a number of ways most in particular with the introduction of microwave ready meals and convenience food. It is important...

Microwave technology has a potential application in the extraction of zinc from sulphide ores, knowledge of the dielectric properties of these ores plays a major role in the microwave design and simulation for any process. The dielectric properties of zinc sulfide concentrate for two different apparent densities—1.54 and 1.63 g/cm3—have been measured by using the resonance cavity perturbation t...