A new α-pyrone derivative 1, along with four known congeners 2, 3, 4 and 5, were isolated from the solid-substrate fermentation medium of the endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis microspore isolated from the branch of Taxus chinensis. Their structures and relative configurations were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. The cytotoxic activities of the isolated α-pyrone derivatives agains...