The microbiological profile in raw milk cheese is typically characterized by a multitude of microbial groups; during cheese ripening a wide range of enzymes interact, hydrolysing caseins into peptides and free amino acids. Although a number of microbial enzymes are common to many cheese varieties, the final peptide composition of a cheese reflects its characteristic ripening process. The peptid...

Changes in microbial community structure are widely known to occur after soil amendment with low-molecular-weight organic compounds; however, there is little information on concurrent changes in soil microbial functional diversity and enzyme activities, especially following sorbitol and mannitol amendment. Soil microbial functional diversity and enzyme activities can be impacted by sorbitol and...

To investigate the extent of genetic stratification in structured microbial communities, we compared the metagenomes of 10 successive layers of a phylogenetically complex hypersaline mat from Guerrero Negro, Mexico. We found pronounced millimeter-scale genetic gradients that were consistent with the physicochemical profile of the mat. Despite these gradients, all layers displayed near-identical...

It is shown from molecular statistical considerations that a demixing instability exists in the moment space of a microbial protein expression profile. Although avoidance of demixing is generally requisite for biological function, a comparison with proteomic and genomic data suggests that many microbes lie close to the onset of this instability. Over evolutionary time scales, straying too close...

Phytic acid is an antinutritional compound that chelates P and essential divalent cations such as Fe, Ca, Zn in cereals major staple crops wheat, maize, rice, sorghum. As a result, these cannot be absorbed by monogastric animals or humans: phytic has inhibitory effect on nutrient uptake its levels are negatively correlated with protein starch digestibility. However, can degraded the action of e...

Water availability is known to influence many aspects of microbial growth and physiology, but less is known about how complex soil microbial communities respond to changing water status. To understand how long-term enhancement of soil water availability (without flooding) influences microbial communities, we measured the seasonal dynamics of several community-level traits following >7 years of ...

PURPOSE Syrah red grapes are used in the production of tannin-rich red wines. Tannins are high molecular weight molecules, proanthocyanidins (PAs), and poorly absorbed in the upper intestine. In this study, gut microbial metabolism of Syrah grape phenolic compounds was investigated. METHODS Syrah grape pericarp was subjected to an enzymatic in vitro digestion model, and red wine and grape ski...

Few studies have focused on the role of compatible solutes in changing the microbial community structure in bioaugmentation systems. In this study, we investigated the influence of trehalose as a biostimulant on the microbial community in tetrahydrofuran (THF)-treated wastewater bioaugmentation systems with Rhodococcus sp. YYL. Functional gene profile changes were used to study the variation in...

We describe the sampling of sixty-three uncultured hospital air samples collected over a six-month period and analysis using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Our primary goals were to determine the longitudinal metagenomic variability of this environment, identify and characterize genomes of potential pathogens and determine whether they are atypical to the hospital airborne metagenome. Air samp...