In this review, we discuss the present status of description confining flux tubes in SU(N) pure Yang–Mills theory terms ensembles percolating center vortices. This is based on three main pillars: modeling continuum ensemble components detected lattice, derivation effective field representations, and contrasting associated properties with Monte Carlo lattice results. The integration knowledge ab...

In this study, selenium was recovered from an industrial dust. After the purification process, the researchers were able to prepare selenium micro powder. The objective of this study was to prepare selenium nano particles by water solution phase method from the micro powders. The results showed that selenium micronized powder and nano particles had high purity. The obtained nanoparticles were t...

A new algorithm for identifying vortices in complex flows is presented. The scheme uses both the vorticity and pressure fields. A skeleton line along the center of a vortex is produced by a two-step predictor-corrector scheme. The technique uses the vector field to move in the direction of the skeleton line and the scalar field to correct the location in the plane perpendicular to the skeleton ...

Flow behaviour and thermal separation mechanism on vortex tubes have been studied numer-ically. Rapid expansion indicated by high-pressure gradient near the inlet exit ports contributes to energy parallel counter flow tubes. It creates a cooling process at core region drives an internal rotational transfer peripheral region, then increases gas temperature periphery along with friction due prese...

Wind tunnel experiments provide worthwhile insights for designing efficient micro wind energy harvesters and large-scale turbines. As tests with turbines are expensive not always feasible, most conducted geometrically scaled rotors. Furthermore, micro-scale runners used harvesting face the issue of lower efficiency than large A better understanding Reynolds number effects induced by downsizing ...